Question

Convert Latitude/Longitude values to x,y in Colombia (SouthAmerica)

Asked by: diordonez

Does anyone know equations or math transformations needed to convert between Latitude/Longitude data to North,East (X,Y) Coordinates ?

I need the method required for Colombia (South America)

Thanks !

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Asked On
2005-09-14 at 14:36:44ID21561835
Tags

convert

,

latitude

,

longitude

Topic

GIS & GPS Programming

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4
Points
250
Comments
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Answers

 

by: ozoPosted on 2005-09-14 at 14:53:20ID: 14885309

Do you mean UTM coordinates?
If so, what zone are you in?

 

by: OnixExpPosted on 2005-09-15 at 17:58:25ID: 14894478

It depends very much on how you want to visualize the (X,Y) coordinates. There are various map projection algorithms that you can use, but if you're going to plot the coordinates on an existing map system then you need to know what projection that system uses, otherwise your calculated points will not match the map data.

This site hase some projections: http://www.colorado.edu/geography/gcraft/notes/mapproj/mapproj.html

But like I said, you need the exact same projection method if you are planning to draw (X,Y) on a certain map accurately..

 

by: OnixExpPosted on 2005-09-15 at 18:02:56ID: 14894490

This might be relevant for you: http://www.gfy.ku.dk/~iag/Travaux_99/sirgas.htm

 

by: diordonezPosted on 2005-09-16 at 07:44:27ID: 14898418

Colombia is UTM 84 Zone.

 

by: OnixExpPosted on 2005-09-16 at 09:41:38ID: 14899530

I don't know any zone 84 (perhaps you meant WGS 84?), but if we look here:

http://www.dmap.co.uk/utmworld.htm

Columbia seems to be centered around UTM zone 18N and 19N.

 

by: OnixExpPosted on 2005-09-16 at 09:47:48ID: 14899578

If you want the mercator/UTM projection, then http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-announce-list/2003-September/002614.html has formulas for it (it computes the zone itself based on the lat/lon I believe).

 

by: jaime_olivaresPosted on 2005-09-16 at 11:14:31ID: 14900189

Which programming language?
To convert Latitude/Longitude to UTM northing/Easting you will need a function like this (C++ language):

#define GRAD_A_RAD(g) ((g)*0.0174532925199433)

bool ConvierteLLaUTM(int Lat, int Long, int *northing, int *easting, int *zona, bool *norte)
{
      const double a  = 6378137.0;
      const double ee = 0.00669437999;
      const double k0 = 0.9996;
      const double e2 = ee / (1-ee);

      double LongTemp = (Long+180)-int((Long+180)/360)*360-180; // -180.00 .. 179.9;
      double LatRad  = GRAD_A_RAD(Lat);
      double LongRad = GRAD_A_RAD(LongTemp);
      double LongOriginRad;

      double N, T, C, A, M;
      
      //Make sure the longitude is between -180.00 .. 179.9
      *zona = int((LongTemp + 180)/6.0) + 1;
      if (Lat >= 56.0 && Lat < 64.0 && LongTemp >= 3.0 && LongTemp < 12.0)
            *zona = 32;

      // Special zones for Svalbard
      if (Lat >= 72.0 && Lat < 84.0) {
            if (LongTemp>=0.0  && LongTemp<9.0)
                  *zona = 31;
            else if (LongTemp>=9.0 && LongTemp<21.0)
                  *zona = 33;
            else if (LongTemp>=21.0 && LongTemp<33.0)
                  *zona = 35;
            else if (LongTemp>=33.0 && LongTemp<42.0)
                  *zona = 37;
      }
      LongOriginRad = GRAD_A_RAD((*zona-1)*6 - 180 + 3);

      N = a/sqrt(1-ee*sin(LatRad)*sin(LatRad));
      T = tan(LatRad)*tan(LatRad);
      C = e2*cos(LatRad)*cos(LatRad);
      A = cos(LatRad)*(LongRad-LongOriginRad);
      M = a*((1 - ee/4 - 3*ee*ee/64 - 5*ee*ee*ee/256)*LatRad
                  - (3*ee/8      + 3*ee*ee/32 + 45*ee*ee*ee/1024)*sin(2*LatRad)
                  + (15*ee*ee/256 + 45*ee*ee*ee/1024)*sin(4*LatRad)
                  - (35*ee*ee*ee/3072)*sin(6*LatRad));
      
      *easting = (int)(double)(k0*N*(A+(1-T+C)*A*A*A/6
                              + (5-18*T+T*T+72*C-58*e2)*A*A*A*A*A/120) + 500000.0);
      *northing = (int)(double)(k0*(M+N*tan(LatRad)*(A*A/2+(5-T+9*C+4*C*C)*A*A*A*A/24
                         + (61-58*T+T*T+600*C-330*e2)*A*A*A*A*A*A/720)));

      if (Lat < 0) {
            *northing += 10000000; //10000000 meter offset for southern hemisphere
            *norte = false;
      } else
            *norte = true;

      return true;
}

Input arguments: (YOU DONT NEED TO KNOW UTM ZONE)
Lat = Latitude in decimal degrees (positive for north hemisphere, negative for south)
Long = Longitude in decimal degrees (negative for west [all Colombia], positive for east)

Output arguments:
northing - northing UTM coordinate (always positive)
easting - easting UTM coordinate (always positive)
zona - UTM zone number
norte - true if north hemisphere

 

by: jaime_olivaresPosted on 2005-09-16 at 11:18:34ID: 14900212

if you need x,y just for displaying/drawing purpose, just use latitude,longitude as y,x
if latitude,longitude is expressed as minutes and seconds, convert it to decimal this way:

y = lat_grados + lat_minutos/60 + lat_segundos/3600
x = long_grados + long_minutos/60 + long_segundos/3600

Then multiply those value by a scaling factor to display on screen

 

by: maphewPosted on 2005-10-21 at 12:26:11ID: 15134929

Everything you need is in the PROJ4 library: http://proj.maptools.org/ source code, formulae, and pre-built end user binaries for many operating systems.

 

by: OnixExpPosted on 2005-12-28 at 01:51:52ID: 15561430

I feel like I basically fully answered the Q, and maphew added a useful (though generic) reference.

 

by: maphewPosted on 2005-12-29 at 23:37:36ID: 15576386

I believe jaime_olivares' answer with a C++ function and the follow up amenable to spreadsheat or simple calculator use are the most direct answers. That said, OnixExp answered the question too, if you followed the links, and was first in.

I don't think my answer my answer was any more generic than OnixExp, both required more clicking and reading to get the "good stuff". However I happily relenquish any claim to points to both jaime_olivares and OnixExp as I was a) not as direct and b) late to the party. :)

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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