Unable to login as SYS after changing its pwd

Delete your password file and recreate it :

orapwd file=full/path/to/password/file password=your_pass entries=2

if you have only 2 distinct DBA and OPERs

Login as the user who installed Oracle or belongs to the DBA group.
try to connect so:

SQL>connect / as sysdba

If you are still using 8i use server manager:
svrmgr> connect internal

2) System Privileges  *** ====================      These articles and documentation explain what system privileges are useful     for, how they should be used and handled, and how they are related to some     init.ora parameters in various Oracle versions.      2.1 How to and Documentation     ----------------------------     [NOTE:131752.1]  Security Check List: Steps to Make Your Database Secure                       from Attacks     [NOTE:109891.1]  A User connected AS SYSOPER can only Perform STARTUP and                       SHUTDOWN     [NOTE:180019.1]  Which System Privileges are required for a User to Perform                       Backup Operator Tasks      [NOTE:153510.1]  Use SELECT ANY DICTIONARY or SELECT_CATALOG_ROLE or                       O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY?      [NOTE:204699.1]  How to revoke ALTER SESSION Privilege                                                 [NOTE:247093.1]  Be Cautious when Revoking Privileges Granted to PUBLIC     [NOTE:266536.1] What are the SELECT ANY TRANSACTION  / FLASHBACK ANY TABLE                      Privileges ?                             Oracle9i Concepts - Chapter         - Privileges, Roles, and Security Policies       Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide - Chapters         - The Oracle Database Administrator         - Managing Tables - External Tables         - Establishing Security Policies         - Managing User Privileges and Roles         - Using the Database Resource Manager         - Managing a Distributed Database      Oracle9i Performance Tuning Guide and Reference        Chapter - Understanding Indexes and Clusters -            Using Function-based Indexes       Oracle9i Reference              Oracle9i SQL Reference       2.2 Problems / solutions     ------------------------     [NOTE:205297.1]  ORA-1031 on TRUNCATE TABLE even if granted DELETE ANY TABLE     [NOTE:232513.1]  ORA-01031 During CREATE DATABASE Statement     [NOTE:100714.1]  ORA-01031 When Creating Unique Index Using a Function     [NOTE:265130.1]  ORA-01031: ALTER TABLE AnotherSchema.Table MODIFY column     [NOTE:1005208.6] Cannot Create or Replace a Stored Object in Another Schema      [NOTE:1049536.6] ORA-28009 upon sqlplus connect sys/                                             [NOTE:1074762.6] Revoking "CREATE DATABASE LINK" Privilege from User     [NOTE:112211.1]  Privileges Required to Run SQL_TRACE     [NOTE:222860.1]  ORA-00942 When Commit DML Transaction on a Base Table                       Belonging to a MV     [NOTE:240769.1]  Grant CREATE SECURITY PROFILE Fails with IMP-00017,                       ORA-00990 during FULL Import           2.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ---------------------------------     [NOTE:206795.1]  What is 07_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY and how Should it be set?                [NOTE:47316.1]   PARAMETER: O7_DICTIONARY_ACCESSIBILITY     [NOTE:68625.1]   PARAMETER: QUERY_REWRITE_INTEGRITY     [NOTE:68624.1]   PARAMETER:QUERY_REWRITE_ENABLED          [NOTE:50010.1]   OERR:  ORA-28009  connection to sys should be as sysdba or                       sysoper      2.4 Bugs     --------     [BUG:1875604]    ABLE TO SELECT FROM SYS.OBJ$, BUT DESCRIBE THROWS ORA-4043       2.5 Scripts     -----------     [NOTE:18074.1]   Script To Capture System Privilege Grants      [NOTE:1020286.6] Script to Create View to Show All User Privs                                           [NOTE:241997.1]  Script to Create a Procedure to Show All User Privs and Roles  *** 3) Object Privileges  *** ====================      3.1 How to and Documentation     ----------------------------     [NOTE:107843.1]  Grant Object Privileges on Another Schema Object to Other                       Users as SYSTEM or SYS     [NOTE:162489.1]  Invokers rights procedure executed by definers rights                       procedures     [NOTE:104355.1]  How to GRANT privileges on another user's objects as DBA                       without GRANT option     [NOTE:156303.1]  How to exclude a user from PUBLIC scope     [NOTE:174753.1]  Grant Any Object Privilege On Any Object using the Same                       Connection     [NOTE:197611.1]  How to avoid a user from dropping his own objects      Oracle 8, 8i and 9i SQL Reference Manual     Oracle 8, 8i and 9i Application Developer's Guide     Oracle 8, 8i and 9i Database Administrator's Guide     Oracle 8, 8i and 9i Concepts      3.2 Problems / solutions     ------------------------     [NOTE:168168.1]  Getting ORA-942 or ORA-1031 and PLS-201 in PL/SQL, works                       in SQL*Plus     [NOTE:170973.1]  Unable to Revoke Rights from Object Owner     [NOTE:121384.1]  ORA-1927 While Revoking Object Privileges as the Object Owner     [NOTE:1004923.6] ORA-01031, ORA-02063 on insert via database link     [NOTE:1005146.6] ORA-942 Even Though User Has Been Granted Privileges on Object     [NOTE:1039161.6] Cannot grant execute privilege on dbms_pipe     [NOTE:1062335.6] ORA-942 when select from any v$view within stored PL/SQL                       procedure     [NOTE:94092.1]   ORA-1031 Trying to Create PK/FK on Another User's Table     [NOTE:116540.1]  Replacing an Existing View loses Granted Permissions on the                      View     [NOTE:161011.1]  Grant Execute on SYS.SYS_GROUP Fails with ORA-4042     [NOTE:120687.1]  ORA-990 when trying to Grant Privileges to User     [NOTE:235325.1]  ANALYZE 'SYS' Tables by Other Users is not Permitted in                       Oracle 9i     [NOTE:100076.1]  ORA-942 or ORA-1031 Creating Views Based on Data Dictionary                      Objects     [NOTE:159051.1]  Describe of Remote Table over Public Database Link and                        Private Synonym Fails with ORA-4043     [NOTE:159674.1]  Unable to select/update v$session in a Trigger     [NOTE:208234.1]  ORA-1031 While Executing DBMS_SESSION Through Procedure     [NOTE:215331.1]  How to Know if an User Has Grants to Execute a Function or                            a Procedure     [NOTE:228831.1]  ORA-01720 When Granting Object Privileges on Own Table                       Using Object Types     [NOTE:159968.1]  DBMS_SYSTEM.SET_SQL_TRACE_IN_SESSION Results in ORA-06550                      and PLS-00201     [NOTE:160870.1]  Intermedia Text Index not Being Rebuilt using Dbms_job (and                      Drjobdml.sql)     [NOTE:238567.1]  ORA-006564 When Creating View On External Table      3.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ---------------------------------         3.4 Bugs     --------     [BUG:155762]     GRANTS ASSIGNED TO ROLES ARE NOT BEING UTILIZED BY STORED                       PROCEDURES.     [BUG:668998]     RECEIVE INCORRECT ERROR WHEN CREATING A VIEW WHEN GRANT                       SELECT BY A ROLE     [BUG:179841]     REMOTE INSERT REQUIRES INSERT AND SELECT PRIVILEGES     [BUG:371507]     GRANT ALL ON TABLE ALLOWS OTHER USER TO DROP PK, BUT NOT                       TO CREATE A NEW ONE     [BUG:522453]     NEEDS OBJECT PRIVILEGE TO ADD PRIMARY KEY TO ANOTHER USERS                       TABLE     [BUG:371124]     DROP PRIMARY KEY DOES NOT REQUIRE DROP ANY INDEX PRIVILEGE,                      BUT CREATE DOES     [BUG:372734]     MUST HAVE CREATE ANY INDEX PRIVILEGE TO ALTER TABLE ADD                       CONSTRAINT TO TABLE     [BUG:702389]     PRIVS GRANTED ON COLS THROUGH A VIEW DOES NOT STAY WITH                       THOSE COLS WHEN VIEW CHANGES     [BUG:1364403]    ORA-942 WITH THE COMBINATION OF AUTHID AND EXECUTE IMMEDIATE     [BUG:1190886]    ORA-4042 CAN'T GRANT EXECUTE ON SYS.SYS_GROUP TO OTHER USER                      BY SYS     [BUG:2948123]    CREATE VIEW ON EXTERNAL TABLE ORA-6564     3.5 Scripts     -----------     [NOTE:1020176.6]  SCRIPT: Script to Generate object privilege GRANTS     [NOTE:1050267.6]  SCRIPT: Script to show table privileges for users and roles     [NOTE:138232.1]   SCRIPT: How to grant select on dictionary tables only   *** 4) Users and Roles  *** ==================      4.1 How to and Documentation     ----------------------------     [NOTE:13615.1]   Roles and Privileges Administration and Restrictions     [NOTE:11740.1]   Role Restrictions     [NOTE:234551.1]  PUBLIC : Is it a User, a Role, a User Group, a Privilege ?     [NOTE:39333.1]   Identifying PC Clients in V$SESSION     [NOTE:174138.1]  How to Tranfer all Roles and Grants to Another Database     [NOTE:77666.1]   WIN: Granting Database Roles     [NOTE:1011899.6] Roles and Creating Stored Objects / Views     [NOTE:1022776.6] How to Make Trace Files Created by Oracle Readable by All                       Users ?     [NOTE:1068753.6] How To Isolate aTable To Run Update Without Losing Granted                       Roles     [NOTE:1071358.6] What is the OUTLN User?     [NOTE:235690.1]  How To Create A User With '.' (dot) In Name     [NOTE:1079975.6] Enabling, Disabling, and Granting Default Roles     [NOTE:112523.1]  How to see which Roles are Active within a Session     [NOTE:106698.1]  WINNT: Assigning External Operating System Roles to NT                       Global Groups     [NOTE:114673.1]  RESOURCE Role in DBA_SYS_PRIVS does not Include UNLIMITED                       TABLESPACE Privilege     [NOTE:69483.1]   Changing Role within Stored Procedures using                       dbms_session.set_role     [NOTE:160861.1]  Oracle Created Database Users: Password, Usage and Files                       References     [NOTE:180028.1]  Set up a Secure Access to Application Data within a                       Database: DBAs, Schemas and Users     [NOTE:203318.1]  How to create a user and grant privileges in a single GRANT                       statement     [NOTE:207560.1]  Can the 9i Sample Schemas Be Safely Removed?     [NOTE:124121.1]  How to Disable a SQL*Plus Connection for a User     [NOTE:159757.1]  How to Verify the Enabled Roles for a Session Within a                      Trigger or PL/SQL Routine     [NOTE:1060417.6] ORACLE_8 ROLES, SELECT_CATALOG ROLE, EXECUTE_CATALOG_ROLE,                       DELETE_CATALOG_ROLE      Oracle 8, 8i and 9i Database Administrator's Guide     Oracle 8, 8i and 9i SQL Reference Manual     Oracle 8, 8i nad 9i Database Concepts     Oracle8i Migration Release 3 (8.1.7) (7-4 )     Oracle9i Sample Schemas, Release 1 (9.0.1) or Release 2 (9.2)      4.2 Problems / solutions     ------------------------     [NOTE:151788.1]  A Security Problem Exists with Password Protected Roles     [NOTE:1005485.6] ORA-1950 When Creating an Object and Resource Role is Granted                      to the User     [NOTE:1066067.6] Roles could not be executed even after they were recreated     [NOTE:1075927.6] View ROLE_TAB_PRIVS returns zero rows     [NOTE:1084014.6] Revoking DBA or RESOURCE Privilege Revokes UNLIMITED                       TABLESPACE from the User     [NOTE:97583.1]   JServerPermission Memory.GC Java exception when calling                       enableNewspace()     [NOTE:101078.1]  VMS: Using DBLINKS When OPS$ Accounts and Password Files                       Accounts are Set Up     [NOTE:106140.1]  AFTER LOGON Triggers Don't Allow DBMS_SESSION.SET_ROLE to                      Keep Roles Enabled     [NOTE:111288.1]  Create a New User, no Grants but the User can Connect     [NOTE:117872.1]  Why ORA-01925 Occurs and How to Resolve It     [NOTE:121633.1]  ORA-24347 with Select * from dba_role_privs OR Select *                       from user_role_privs     [NOTE:150418.1]  ORA-28201 Not Enough Privileges to Enable Application Role     [NOTE:119752.1]  ORA-942 V$Session V$Parameter C Starting SQL*Plus From                       Windows NT Client     [NOTE:169289.1]  ORA-01031: insufficient privileges when altering user to                       identify externally     [NOTE:167421.1]  ORA-18008 Creating Procedure, Trigger, Package or Function     [NOTE:197931.1]  External role details not in ROLE_SYS_PRIVS      The following notes particularly lists all articles that have as their topic     the kind of errors you may encounter as a result of the fact that privileges     granted trough a role are not in effect in stored procedures.          PLS-00201      [NOTE:1018687.6] PLS-341 - WHEN RUNNING PLSQL PROCEDURE IN SQLPLUS     [NOTE:168168.1]  Getting ORA-942 or ORA-1031 and PLS-201 in PL/SQL, works in                      SQL*Plus     [NOTE:210377.1]  Executing a Stored Procedure Fails with PLS-00201     [NOTE:113186.1]  PLS-201 GRANTING PRIVILEGIES THRU A ROLE     [NOTE:1062535.6] Possible Reasons for Generating a PLS-201 Error     [NOTE:200415.1]  PLS-00201: Identifier '%s' Must be Declared When Compiling                      a Procedure     [NOTE:27287.1]   OERR:  PLS-201  identifier '%s' must be declared      ORA-01031      [NOTE:1048327.6] ORA-1031 WHILE EXECUTING A STORED PROCEDURE     [NOTE:1011393.6] 0RA-01031 IN STORED PROCEDURE WHEN USING DBMS_SQL TO CREATE                      A VIEW     [NOTE:11740.1]   Role Restrictions     [NOTE:13615.1]   Roles and Privileges Administration and Restrictions     [NOTE:1079983.6] ORA-01031 DDL on Materialized View With Enable Query                       Rewrite Option     [NOTE:1011211.6] ORA-01031 WHEN EXECUTING 'GRANT CREATE SESSION' STATEMENT     [NOTE:18622.1]   OERR:  ORA 1031  "insufficient privileges"     [NOTE:1083534.6] ORA-01031 When Connecting to Target via Rman      PLS-00904       [NOTE:1014765.6] PLS-00904 WHEN COMPILING PL/SQL STORED PROCEDURE, FUNCTION,                      OR DATABASE TRIGGER     [NOTE:27442.1]   OERR:  PLS-904  insufficient privilege to access object %s      ORA-00942      [NOTE:1062335.6] ORA-942 when select from any v$view within stored PL/SQL                       procedure     [NOTE:100076.1]  ORA-942 or ORA-1031 Creating Views Based on Data Dictionary                      Objects     [NOTE:1011899.6] Roles and Creating Stored Objects / Views          4.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ---------------------------------     [NOTE:30797.1]   PARAMETER: INIT.ORA: REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT      [NOTE:30785.1]   PARAMETER: INIT.ORA: OS_AUTHENT_PREFIX      [NOTE:30796.1]   PARAMETER: INIT.ORA: REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE          4.4 Bugs     --------     [BUG:145295]     NEED TO CHANGE OS ROLE SUFFIX CHARACTER     [BUG:168358]     ENHANCEMENT:  ALLOW CREATE VIEW (DDL STATEMENTS) WITH                       PRIVILEGES THRU A ROLE     [BUG:172360]     GRANTING RESOURCE ROLE TO ANOTHER ROLE PREVENTS USER FROM                         CREATING TABLES     [BUG:176997]     ENH: ABILITY TO GRANT QUOTA ON TABLESPACES TO A ROLE     [BUG:186769]     SELECTING FROM SESSION_ROLES WITHIN A STORED PROCEDURE                       DOESN'T GIVE ANYTHING     [BUG:222316]     GRANTED ROLE DOESNT SHOW UP AS DEFAULT ROLE     [BUG:943648]     ORA-3113 EXECUTING COMPLEX SQL STATEMENT     [BUG:178587]     USER CAN CREATE MORE ROLES THAN MAX_ENABLED_ROLES FROM WITH                      IN ONE SESSION     [BUG:641775]     ENHANCEMENT REQUEST TO INCREASE THE MAX_ENABLED_ROLES FROM                      148 TO 200 OR MORE     [BUG:1384922]    WHEN USING SQLPLUS SELECT * FROM USER_ROLE_PRIVS GIVES                       ORA-2434     [BUG:1149002]    ORA-24347 AND " NO ROWS SELECTED " IN SELECT JOIN                        AGGREGATE GROUP BY PARALLEL     [BUG:1618315]    DOCUMENTATION SHOULD STATE THAT OUTLN USER SHOULD NOT BE                       DROPPED     4.5 Scripts     -----------     [NOTE:18079.1]   Script to Capture Role Grants     [NOTE:18080.1]   Script to Create Roles     [NOTE:1019486.6] Script: Report Roles Granted to Users     [NOTE:1019508.6] Script to Show System and Object Privs for a User     [NOTE:1020086.6] SCRIPT: To Report Privileges Granted To a User     [NOTE:107182.1]  SCRIPT: Generate ROLE Creation Script for 8.X.X     [NOTE:241997.1]  SCRIPT: Create procedure to Show All User Privs and roles     [NOTE:98572.1]   Script to create user OUTLN in 8i     [NOTE:240478.1]  Script to create user OUTLN in 9i   *** 5) User and Tablespace Quotas  *** ==============================      5.1 How to and Documentation     ----------------------------     [NOTE:180028.1]  Set up a Secure Access to Application Data within a                       Database: DBAs, Schemas and Users         [NOTE:1012307.6] Moving Tables Between Tablespaces Using EXPORT/IMPORT     [NOTE:158162.1]  How To Move All Tables From One User To Another Tablespace     [NOTE:1037317.6] Moving the Replication Queue Tables (DEF$) Out of the System Tablespace        Oracle9i Database Concepts Release 2        Chapter - Controlling Database Access -          User Tablespace Settings and Quotas      Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide       Chapter - Managing Tablespaces -          Assign Tablespace Quotas to Users      Oracle9i SQL Reference - ALTER USER        5.2 Problems / solutions     ------------------------     [NOTE:1012569.6] ORA-1536 On DML Or Running Tools, Applications                          [NOTE:1026320.6] ORA-1536: When Inserting Into a Table                                    [NOTE:1039291.6] ORA-02187 Trying to Grant Quota Over 2Gig                           [NOTE:1054952.6] ORA-01652: Trying to Set Quotas for Users on Temp Tablespace      [NOTE:95554.1]   ORA-01950 Even After Assigning 'Unlimited Quota' On                       Tablespace To User       [NOTE:98056.1]   ORA-1950 when trying to Move an Index to Another Tablespace                [NOTE:108871.1]  ORA-02187 when Granting a User Quota on a Tablespace      [NOTE:1005485.6] ORA-1950 When Creating an Object and Resource Role is                       Granted to the User      [NOTE:91969.1]   IMPORT FROMUSER/TOUSER Fails to Generate Tables With LOBs                       into TOUSER Tablespace      [NOTE:91799.1]   EXP: IMP-3, ORA-1950, IMP-17: During Import of Recreated                       Tablespace       [NOTE:205722.1]  Create New Ultra Search Instance Fails WKG-5000 ORA-1950      [NOTE:137037.1] RECEIVING WWV-08301/ORA-1950 WHEN CREATING TABLE IN WEBDB      [NOTE:1062153.6] GL PROGRAM OPTIMIZER FAILED: APP-6077, APP-6083, ORA-1950                       NO PRIVILEGES ON TABLESPACE RGX      [NOTE:1058205.6] ORA-01950 AND ORA-06512 TRYING TO OPEN PERIOD                       5.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ---------------------------------     [NOTE:18936.1]  OERR: ORA 1536 space quota exceeded for tablespace " "      [NOTE:19238.1]   OERR: ORA 1950 no privileges on tablespace ""      [NOTE:19425.1]  OERR: ORA 2187 invalid quota specification       5.4 Bugs     --------     [BUG:1270191]    ORA-1950 ON ALLOCATE EXTENT - POSSIBLE DICTIONARY CORRUPTION      5.5 Scripts     -----------     [NOTE:1019712.6] SCRIPT: Show Tablespace Quota Used by User        *** 6) Profiles and Resource Limits  *** ================================      6.1 How to and Documentation     ----------------------------     [NOTE:1016552.102] How to use PROFILES to limit user resources                                                 [NOTE:157702.1]    How to get the Values Assigned by Default to a Profile ?     [NOTE:160528.1]    Profile Limits (Resource Parameter(s)) Are Not Enforced /                        Do Not Work     [NOTE:157702.1]    How to get the Values Assigned by Default to a Profile ?     [NOTE:95582.1]     Tracing Oracle Applications Intermittent crashing or                          hanging forms sessions.                [NOTE:197694.1]    How To Avoid Forms To Open A New Session When It Reached                        The Session Limit?                 [NOTE:209702.1]    How To Limit The Access To The Database So That Only One                         User Per Schema Are Connected (One Concurrent User Per                         Schema)                                     Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide        Chapter - Managing Users and Resources -            Managing Resources with Profiles             Viewing Information About Database Users and Profiles       Oracle9i Database Concepts Release 2         Chapter - Controlling Database Access -            User Resource Limits and Profiles       6.2 Problems / solutions     ------------------------     [NOTE:119295.1]    What Happens to a Transaction When CONNECT_TIME is                         Exceeded?      [NOTE:1005119.6]   Any of the user profile limits are being ignored by                          Oracle7 Server     [NOTE:1061189.6]   Profile on user IDLE_TIME set to 15 minutes      [NOTE:1070071.6]   Profile limits are not being recognized      [NOTE:215417.1]    More Time Than Specified Is Needed Before A User Becomes                         Disconnected      [NOTE:120135.1]    Connections to database being killed unexpectedly      [NOTE:156116.1]    User Can Open More Sessions than Limited      [NOTE:1070501.6]   Parallel Query processes die intermittently      [NOTE:1020176.102] ORA-02392 when using CPU_PER_SESSION limit in profile      [NOTE:1042778.6]   ORA-02394 USING REPLICATION IN ORACLE8        [NOTE:265095.1]    Resource Limits for Passwords Work Even with                         RESOURCE_LIMIT = false     [NOTE:241621.1]    ORA-02376 When ALTER PROFILE to Set the PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION       6.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ---------------------------------     [NOTE:30800.1]     Init.ora Parameter "RESOURCE_LIMIT" Reference Note      [NOTE:19563.1]     OERR:  ORA 2390  exceeded COMPOSITE_LIMIT, logoff in                         progress     [NOTE:19564.1]     OERR:  ORA 2391  exceeded simultaneous SESSIONS_PER_USER                         limit     [NOTE:19565.1]     OERR:  ORA 2392  exceeded session limit on CPU usage,                         logging off     [NOTE:19566.1]     OERR:  ORA 2393  exceeded call limit on CPU usage     [NOTE:19567.1]     OERR:  ORA 2394  exceeded session limit on I/O usage,                         logging off     [NOTE:19568.1]     OERR:  ORA 2395  exceeded call limit on I/O usage      [NOTE:19569.1]     OERR:  ORA 2396  exceeded max Idle Time, please connect                         again     [NOTE:19570.1]     OERR:  ORA 2397  exceeded PRIVATE_SGA Limit, logging off     [NOTE:19571.1]     OERR:  ORA 2398  exceeded procedure space usage     [NOTE:19572.1]     OERR:  ORA 2399  exceeded maximum connect time, logging off      6.4 Bugs     --------     [BUG:2653232]      SPATIAL QUERIES DON'T PROGRESSIVELY RECORD RESOURCE (CPU)                        USAGE     [BUG:2085332]      SET OVER 5 HOURS TO CPU_PER_CALL, YOU GET ORA-2394,                         DON'T GET ORA-2393      [BUG:2231683]      UGA MEMORY LEAK WHEN USING OBJECT INHERITANCE IN PL/SQL     [BUG:1182131]      ORA-2399 RUNNING JOB OR PROCEDURE WITH CURSOR &                         CONNECT_TIME<UNLIMITED     [BUG:2695242]      ORA-22 AND ORA-600 [18260] WORKING WITH MTS (MICROSFT TX                          SERVER) AND XA     [BUG:2134498]      ORA-2391 ON BOTH NODES OF A OPS-CLUSTER ALTHOUGH                          RESOURCE_LIMIT=FALSE     [BUG:2319471]      ORA-2391 AND ORA-7445S IN PQ SLAVES, THEN ORA-7445 PMON                                         CRASH     [BUG:2117349]      LOTS OF ORA-2391 ERRORS FILLING UP ALERT.LOG     [BUG:777970]       TEST VALIDITY OF AM4CICS THREAD CONNECTIONS BEFORE                          ASSIGNING THEM TO CICS TASKS     [BUG:1898254]      JDBC THIN APPLICATION KEEPS CONNECTION WHEN IDLE_TIME                         PROFILE IS SET.                         PROCEDURES                        ON DOM1151                        BY SECURITY MGR                        DOWN AFTER ORA-2396     6.5 Scripts     -----------     [NOTE:1019933.6]   Script to list profile resources and limits                                               *** 7) Password Management  *** ======================      7.1 How to and Documentation     ----------------------------     [NOTE:114930.1]    Oracle Password Management Policy       [NOTE:228991.1]    Behavior of PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX and PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME in                         9i / 8i     [NOTE:1051982.6]   How to Change SYS and SYSTEM Passwords     [NOTE:271825.1]    Is the password encrypted when I logon and related                         questions.     [NOTE:225529.1]    How to LOCK the SYS PASSWORD using Password Management                         with Profiles     [NOTE:1016364.102] VMS: How to Change Oracle SYS and SYSTEM Passwords      [NOTE:199582.1]    How To Transfer Passwords Between Databases      [NOTE:101458.1]    How to change Oracle user password with PL/SQL procedure     [NOTE:242668.1]    Use ALTER USER Command to Change Your Own Password Without                         the Privilege and Go Through the Password Verify Function     [NOTE:160443.1]    How to Enable Password Expire Time ?      [NOTE:1047958.6]   Password uniformity over multiple instances      [NOTE:1051962.101] Restoring a user's original password      [NOTE:98481.1]     How to Keep the Same Password when Expiry Time is Reached                        and Change is Required      [NOTE:124113.1]    Implementing Punctuation in Passwords.      [NOTE:118382.1]    Can I Avoid Passwords from Appearing in the Process Table                        on a UNIX Platform?     [NOTE:275232.1]    DBA_USERS Shows ACCOUNT_STATUS is LOCKED Even After the                         PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME has Expired     Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide        Chapter - Establishing Security Policies -            Password Management Policy       Oracle9i Database Concepts Release 2         Chapter - Controlling Database Access -            Authentication by the Oracle Database        7.2 Problems / solutions     ------------------------     [NOTE:139676.1]    ORA-28007  the password cannot be reused                                                    [NOTE:104235.1]    EXP-00058 Error When Profiles Have                         PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION                                 [NOTE:1062905.6]   EXP-00014, EXP-00008, ORA-02396, EXP-00008, ORA-01012,                         EXP-00000  EXPORTING TO TAPE        [NOTE:124648.1]    ORA-28003, ORA-20001, ORA-20002, ORA-20003, ORA-20004                         after running utlpwdmg.sql            [NOTE:164834.1]    Changing Password Using PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION Fails                         With ORA-28003     [NOTE:1038601.6]   ORA-988 when Creating a User with a Password that Starts                        with a Number     [NOTE:1012425.7]   ORA-28001: Password expired, but not prompted for new                         password      [NOTE:152647.1]    After Changing Password: ORA-00988      [NOTE:124648.1]    ORA-28003, ORA-20001, ORA-20002, ORA-20003, ORA-20004                          after running utlpwdmg.sql      [NOTE:162818.1]    ORA-28002 On User Connection Immediately After                         PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME Changed      [NOTE:132096.1]    ORA-28003 Error When Use 'Password Complexity Verification'      [NOTE:1079860.6]   ORA-28011 Password Expiry Date is Reached But Reset to                         NULL      [NOTE:1084150.6]   ORA-7443: Function not Found When Using                          PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUNCTION in Profile      [NOTE:139676.1]    ORA-28007: the password cannot be reused      [NOTE:113446.1]    ORA-988 Error Using 'ALTER USER  PASSWORD                         EXPIRE' in SQL*Plus 8.1.6      [NOTE:275232.1]    DBA_USERS Shows ACCOUNT_STATUS is LOCKED Even After the                        PASSWORD_LOCK_TIME has Expired     [NOTE:202987.1]    SYS.LINK$ Shows all Database Link Password in Clear Text                        (Unencrypted)      [NOTE:119260.1]    ORA-3113 or ORA-1041 when trying to change user password                         in database      [NOTE:130639.1]    ORA-1841 Error Connecting to Upgraded Database After Set                         PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME      [NOTE:1018837.102] ORA-01801 On Select From USER$ Table      [NOTE:1050807.6]   ORA-01017: MANUGISTICS CREATED USERS OTHER THAN SYS                         CANNOT LOG INTO DATABASE      [NOTE:1063068.6]   Getting ORA-1005 when logging in to SQL*Plus      [NOTE:242416.1]    8.0.6 SQLPLUS CLIENT Echo's PASSWORD in LINUX     [NOTE:1038601.6]   ORA-988 when Creating a User with a Password that Starts                         with a Number     [NOTE:265095.1]    Resource limits for passwords work even with resource_limit = false       7.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ---------------------------------     [NOTE:30800.1]     Init.ora Parameter "RESOURCE_LIMIT" Reference Note      [NOTE:18579.1]     OERR: ORA-988   missing or invalid password(s)     [NOTE:50001.1]     OERR: ORA-28000 the account is locked      [NOTE:50002.1]     OERR: ORA-28001 the password has expired      [NOTE:50003.1]     OERR: ORA-28002 the password will expire within %s days      [NOTE:50004.1]     OERR: ORA-28003 password verification for the specified                         password failed      [NOTE:50005.1]     OERR: ORA-28004 invalid argument for function specified                            in PASSWORD_VERIFY_FUN      [NOTE:50007.1]     OERR: ORA-28006 conflicting values for parameters %s and % s      [NOTE:50008.1]     OERR: ORA-28007 the password cannot be reused      [NOTE:50009.1]     OERR: ORA-28008 invalid old password      [NOTE:50011.1]     OERR: ORA-28010 cannot expire external or global accounts      [NOTE:173502.1]    OERR: ORA-28011 the account will expire soon; change your                        password now      [NOTE:267401.1]    Oracle Performance Monitor 10.1 causing NMUPM.EXE to Lock                        System Account     7.4 Bugs     --------     [BUG:1231172]      ORA-28003 WHEN CHANGING PASSWORD FOR A USER     [BUG:1620381]      ORA-24315 RESULTS ON CONNECT REQUEST AFTER PASSWORD                         VERIFICATION FAILURE      [BUG:2161716]      PASSWORD GRACE PERIOD MESSAGE NOT WORKING IN 8.1.7.2     [BUG:1654141]      USER ACCOUNTS IN GRACE PERIOD CANNOT PERFORM EXPORT, GET                        EXP-56 ORA-28002 ERRORS     [BUG:1494651]      OCILOGON DOES NOT CREATE A SESSION WHEN A PASSWORD IS IN                          GRACE TIME      [BUG:1668134]      PROTOCOL VIOLATION WHEN THIN DRIVER CONNECTING TO USER                         WITH EXPIRED PASSWORD.     [BUG:2269177]      IAS: MOD_PLSQL AUTHENTICATION DENIED WHEN USER ACCOUNT IS                        IN GRACE PERIOD      [BUG:2664495]      OLEDB DOESNT PROPAGATE ORA-28002 PASSWORD WARNING     [BUG:2158625]      FORMS 4.5 DOES NOT TRAP  ORA-28002 WARNING WHEN A PASSWORD IS DUE TO EXPIRE        7.5 Scripts     -----------     [NOTE:227010.1]    Script to Check for Default Passwords Being Used for                         Common Usernames      [NOTE:135878.1]    Script to prevent a user from changing his password      [NOTE:161671.1]    Script to Identify Accounts with a Password Equal to                         their Username *** 8) Connect Internal and Password Files  *** =======================================      These articles and documentation explain how to administer the administrative privileges,     still loosely referred to as 'connect internal' and how to manage access with a password file.      8.1 How to and Documentation     ----------------------------     [NOTE:233223.1]  Checklist for Resolving CONNECT AS SYSDBA (INTERNAL) Issues     [NOTE:242258.1]  Misconceptions About the AS SYSDBA Login With any Username     [NOTE:18089.1]   UNIX: Connect INTERNAL / AS SYSBDA Privilege on Oracle 7/8    [NOTE:50507.1]   SYSDBA and SYSOPER Privileges in Oracle     [NOTE:1029539.6] UNIX: How to Set up the Oracle Password File     [NOTE:1058658.6] UNIX: Multiple databases sharing a password file     [NOTE:1016540.6] How to enable remote password with ORAPWD and Parallel Server     [NOTE:103964.1]  How to Audit Connect Internal Using Oracle Server     [NOTE:212049.1]  How To Add a New User to the Password File ?     [NOTE:43793.1]   VIEW "V$PWFILE_USERS" Reference Note     [NOTE:225097.1]  ORACLE_SID, TNS Alias,Password File and others Case                       Sensitiveness      Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide      Chapters - The Oracle Database Administrator -              - Database Administrator Authentication -              - Password File Administration -      8.2 Problems / solutions     ------------------------     [NOTE:69642.1]   UNIX: Checklist for Resolving Connect AS SYSDBA Issues     [NOTE:185703.1]  How to Avoid Common Flaws and Errors Using Passwordfile                      (this note contains a lot of references that may not all be duplicated here)     [NOTE:114384.1]  WIN: Checklist for Resolving CONNECT AS SYSDBA (INTERNAL)                      Issues     [NOTE:68238.1]   SCO: ORAPWD Utility Generates An Unusable Password File In                      Oracle v7.3.4     <Note.118367.1>  UNIX: ORA-1990 at Startup DB After Creating Password File                       with Wrong Case     [NOTE:147724.1]  Granting SYSDBA Privileges Fails with ORA-01990; Quick Edit                       of Database from EM Console Fails with Database Currently                       in Unknown State     [NOTE:223002.1]  UNIX:CONNECT INTERNAL Asks for Password in a Multiple                       Oracle Versions Environment      8.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ---------------------------------     [NOTE:30796.1]   Init.ora Parameter "REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE" Reference Note     [NOTE:30797.1]   INIT.ORA: REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT      [NOTE:30785.1]   INIT.ORA: OS_AUTHENT_PREFIX          [NOTE:19276.1]   OERR:  ORA 1990  error opening password file      [NOTE:19277.1]   OERR:  ORA 1991  invalid password file      [NOTE:19278.1]   OERR:  ORA 1992  error closing password file      [NOTE:19279.1]   OERR:  ORA 1993  error writing password file      [NOTE:19280.1]   OERR:  ORA 1994  GRANT failed: cannot add users to public                       password file     [NOTE:19281.1]   OERR:  ORA 1995  error reading password file      [NOTE:19282.1]   OERR:  ORA 1996  GRANT failed: password file  is full      8.4 Bugs     --------     [BUG:2688911] SQLPLUS DOES NOT CORRECTLY SUPPORT THE 'AS SYSDBA' FUNCTIONALITY IN 8.1.7      [BUG:425862]  ORA-600 [1113] SELECTING FROM V$PWFILE_USERS IF MORE THAN 14 SYSDBA USERS      8.5 Scripts     -----------     [NOTE:67984.1] UNIX: Diagnostic C program for ORA-1031 from CONNECT                           INTERNAL / AS SYSDBA  *** 9) O/S Authentication  *** =====================      This section has references to documentation and notes about O/S authentication, a.k.a.     external authentication, the authentication is delegated to the operating system which     hence needs to be trustworthy. Please note the distinction between authenticating via     the O/S with administrative privileges (see 8.) and as a normal (application) user.       9.1 How to and Documentation     ----------------------------     [NOTE:233223.1]   Checklist for Resolving CONNECT AS SYSDBA (INTERNAL) Issues     [NOTE:242258.1]   Misconceptions About the AS SYSDBA Login With any Username     [NOTE:18088.1]    UNIX OS Authentication on Oracle Server     [NOTE:60634.1]    WIN: Setup O/S Authentication     [NOTE:77665.1]    WIN: OS Authentication - Connecting to Oracle Without a                             Password     [NOTE:122515.1]   WIN: Setup O/S Authentication Using Oracle Administration                            Assistant     [NOTE:91944.1]    Native Authentication through Windows 2000     [NOTE:111252.1]   How to use OPS$ user as FROMUSER/TOUSER Import or OWNER                       Export parameter     [NOTE:101078.1]   VMS Using DBLINKS When OPS$ Accounts and Password Files                        Accounts are Set Up      Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide - Chapters      - The Oracle Database Administrator;       - Establishing Security Policies; System Security Policy ; User Autentication,       - Managing Users and Resources; User Authentication Methods; External Authentication      9.2 Problems / solutions     ------------------------     [NOTE:204289.1]   WIN: CONNECT AS SYSDBA Fails With ORA-1031 for a Domain                        User     [NOTE:120329.1]   ORA-3113 CONNECTING USING OS AUTHENTICATION     [NOTE:99550.1]    OCILogon Using OS Authentication Fails With ORA-01017     [NOTE:243083.1]   ORA-01005: Connect Username AS SYSDBA Behaves Differently                        in 7.3.4, 8.1 and 9.2         9.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ---------------------------------     [NOTE:30785.1]  Init.ora Parameter "OS_AUTHENT_PREFIX" Reference Note     [NOTE:30797.1]  Init.ora Parameter "REMOTE_OS_AUTHENT" Reference Note      [NOTE:19283.1]  OERR:  ORA 1997  GRANT failed: user  is identified                      externally      9.4 Bugs     --------     [BUG:370253]  OS AUTHENTICATION FAILS WITH ORA-1017 FOR ROOT USER     [BUG:1632293] ORA-28150 SELECTING ACROSS DATABASE LINK WITH OS AUTHENTICATED USER *** 10) Auditing *** ============      10.1 How to and Documentation      -----------------------------      [NOTE:1020945.6]  How to Setup Auditing     [NOTE:175292.1]   Overview Auditing: Possibilities of Auditing, using                        Triggers and FGA      [NOTE:174556.1]   9i/9.2: Fine Grained Auditing     [NOTE:278184.1]   9i and 10g: Installing Oracle Label Security Automatically                        Moves AUD$ Table out from SYS into SYSTEM schema     [NOTE:175259.1]   Using autonomous triggers to audit detailed information.          [NOTE:209801.1]   How to Disable Audit Action 103 to Avoid Unnecessary Rows                        in Table SYS.AUD$     [NOTE:158348.1]   How to Find Results Back in Data Dictionary When Using                         AUDIT SYSTEM GRANT      [NOTE:166301.1]   How to Reorganize SYS.AUD$ Table     [NOTE:230845.1]   How to Import SYS.AUD$ Table from 8i to 9i Database When                        SYS User is not Exported     [NOTE:222807.1]   How To Audit GRANT ANY PRIVILEGE Or GRANT ANY ROLE      [NOTE:239621.1]   How to audit 'analyze index'     [NOTE:199419.1]   How to Avoid Common Flaws and Errors Using Fine Grained                        Auditing     [NOTE:99786.1]    How to Audit User Connection, Disconnection Date and Time      [NOTE:73408.1]    How to Truncate, Delete, or Purge Rows from the Audit Trail                       Table SYS.AUD$       [NOTE:1025832.6]  How to audit data changes in tables using triggers      [NOTE:103964.1]   How to Audit Connect Internal Using Oracle Server     [NOTE:208855.1]   What is Audit Action 103 ?      [NOTE:174340.1]   Audit SYS user Operations     [NOTE:1025314.6]  Descriptions of action code and privileges used in fields                           in SYS.AUD$ table     [NOTE:167293.1]   Some examples about auditing and output of auditing      [NOTE:45114.1]    Auditing/Debugging DML with Database Trigger       [NOTE:41800.1]    Quick Reference to Auditing Information       [NOTE:99137.1]    Setting up, Interpreting Auditing Using Windows NT Event Viewer     [NOTE:1049048.6]  Auditing with Oracle Parallel Server     [NOTE:72291.1]    VMS  The AUDIT_TRAIL=OS Initialization Parameter on OpenVMS     [NOTE:221944.1]   How to Audit a User Who is Trying to Break DB Username/Password     [NOTE:123128.1]   How To Identify an RDBMS session using AUDSID     [NOTE:274697.1]   LOGOFF and LOGOFF BY CLEANUP Do Not Have Any LOGON Records                        in DBA_AUDIT_TRAIL and Vice-Versa     [NOTE:277219.1]   How to Retrieve the Whole Audited SQL Statement From                        DBA_FGA_AUDIT_TRAIL View ?       10.2 Problems / solutions      -------------------------      [NOTE:1063941.6]  LRM-00101: Unknown parameter name 'AUDIT_FILE_DEST' when                         config auditing on NT     [NOTE:74725.1]    How often tables are accessed (AUDIT)       [NOTE:166674.1]   Auditing Does Not Supply A Full Name Of Triggers     [NOTE:72460.1]    Moving AUD$ to another tablespace and adding triggers to                            AUD$       [NOTE:1068714.6]  How does the NOAUDIT option work     [NOTE:1019326.102] SES_ACTIONS in DBA_AUDIT_OBJECT     [NOTE:130146.1]   Auditing DML (Insert, Update and Delete)     [NOTE:107842.1]   Application Log is Full with Event ID 34 : Audit Trail:                        Connect Internal     [NOTE:106823.1]   Unknown Users Comparing sys.aud$ and user_audit_session       [NOTE:125378.1]   ORA-2096 setting TRANSACTION_AUDITING dynamically     [NOTE:197598.1]   Audit users with "DROP ANY TABLE" privilege: example                        client event trigger      [NOTE:267389.1]   AUDIT CREATE PROCEDURE Does not Audit "Create OR Replace                        Procedure" Statements     [NOTE:198468.1]   SYS.AUD$ Filling up Fast When Auditing Failed Logon                        Attempts Because of DBSNMP.      [NOTE:240766.1]   ORA-00904 When Using RAWTOLAB Function on SYS.AUD$ Columns                        OBJ$LABEL and SES$LABEL     [NOTE:246665.1]   ORA-22921 When Fine Grained Auditing with Multibyte                        Character Set in 9.2.0.3      10.3 Parameters, Events and Errors      ----------------------------------     [NOTE:30690.1]    Init.ora Parameter "AUDIT_TRAIL" Reference Note     [NOTE:39796.1]    Init.ora Parameter "AUDIT_FILE_DEST" Reference Note       [NOTE:72203.1]    OERR ORA-16006 audit_trail destination incompatible with                       database open mode         [NOTE:19287.1]    OERR ORA 2002  error while writing to audit trail                                     [NOTE:21073.1]    OERR ORA-9925  "Unable to create audit trail     [NOTE:20985.1]    OERR ORA-9822  Translation of audit file name failed.                     [NOTE:249438.1]   10G: New Value DB_EXTENDED for the AUDIT_TRAIL init.ora                        Parameter       10.4 Bugs      ---------      [BUG:2916125]     AUDITED_CURSORID ONLY AVAILABLE FOR REGULAR AUDITING     [BUG:2998476]     SQL_TEXT COLUMN IN DBA_FGA_AUDIT_TRAIL VIEW IS GARBLED                        AFTER APPLYNG BUG#2973008     [BUG:2973008]     FINE-GRAINED AUDITING FAILS WITH ORA-22921 USING                        MULTI-BYTE CHARACTER SET      10.5 Scripts      ------------      [NOTE:1019377.6]  Script to move SYS.AUD$ table out of SYSTEM tablespace         [NOTE:1019552.6]  Script to Show Audit Options/Audit Trail    *** 11) Event Triggers  *** ==================      11.1 How to and Documentation     -----------------------------     [NOTE:175292.1]   Overview Auditing: Possibilities of Auditing, using                        Triggers and FGA      [NOTE:45114.1]    Auditing/Debugging DML with Database Trigger      [NOTE:278313.1]   How to Disallow Users to Connect with Specific Programs     [NOTE:197598.1]   Audit Users with "DROP ANY TABLE" Privilege: Example Client                          Event Trigger     [NOTE:175259.1]   Using autonomous triggers to audit detailed information.     [NOTE:150212.1]   Database Triggers do not Seem to Execute                                                              [NOTE:163593.1]   System Triggers Are Not Executed      [NOTE:149948.1]   IMPORTANT  Set "_SYSTEM_TRIG_ENABLED=FALSE" When Upgrading                       / Downgrading / Applying Patch Sets     [NOTE:220491.1]   How to Prevent Users From Log Into a Database Within                        Defined Periods     [NOTE:265012.1]   ADMINISTER DATABASE TRIGGER Privilege Causes Logon Trigger                        to Skip Errors      [NOTE:70679.1]    How to Audit Logon/Logoff Events with Triggers     [NOTE:105758.1]   How to Automate Controlfile Backup at Database Startup                                    [NOTE:101627.1]   How to Automate Pinning Objects in Shared Pool at Database                       Startup       [NOTE:234098.1]   How to Forbid the Usage of ALTER TABLE Command on Tables                        Owned or Created by Users     [NOTE:159183.1]   Database Startup Trigger fails with ORA-06564 when trying                        to Pin Package SYS.DIANA     [NOTE:271077.1]   How to Prevent a User Granted the ALTER USER Privilege From                       Changing SYS/SYSTEM password       Oracle9i Database Concepts        Chapter - Triggers -           Triggers on System Events and User Events       Oracle9i Application Developer's Guide - Fundamentals        Chapter - Working With System Events -      11.2 Problems / solutions     -------------------------     [NOTE:106140.1]   AFTER LOGON Triggers Don't Allow DBMS_SESSION.SET_ROLE to                        Keep Roles Enabled       [NOTE:120712.1]   Database or Logon Event Trigger becomes Invalid  Who can                        Connect?       11.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ----------------------------------     [NOTE:68636.1]    Init.ora Parameter "_SYSTEM_TRIG_ENABLED"      11.4 Bugs     ---------     [BUG:2469532]     ORA-29539, CANNOT INSTALL THE JVM AFTER REMOVING IT      11.5 Scripts     ------------   *** 12) Fine Grained Access Control  *** ===============================      These articles and documentations relate to FGAC, new 8i feature that allows     a more granular level of security : row level.      12.1 How to and Documentation     -----------------------------     [NOTE:67977.1]   Oracle8i Fine Grained Access Control - Worked Examples     [NOTE:250795.1]  10G: Policy Enforced Only When the Relevant Column is Queried in Any Way     [NOTE:119335.1]  How To Solve the Problem of Circular Row Level Policies      [NOTE:174799.1]  How to Bypass Fine-Grained Security Enforcement      [NOTE:69573.1]   How to Determine Active Context (DBMS_SESSION.LIST_CONTEXT)     [NOTE:162914.1]  How to Skip Tables when Exporting a User or an Entire Database      [NOTE:99250.1]   Understanding Fine-Grained Access Control (DBMS_RLS)                       on INSERT     [NOTE:174368.1]  Policies on Synonyms       [NOTE:170177.1]  Use of Fine grained access control from forms      [NOTE:155477.1]  Parameter DIRECT: Conventional Path Export Versus Direct                       Path Export      [NOTE:187239.1]  Execution plan may change when you use Fine Grained Access                       Control (FGAC)     [NOTE:250795.1]  10G: Policy Enforced Only When the Relevant Column is                       Queried in Any Way                      access control policy      Oracle9i Database Administrator's Guide - Chapter          - Establishing Security Policies      Oracle9i Application Developer's Guide - Fundamentals - Chapter          - Implementing Application Security Policies                  - Introduction to Application Context                  - Introduction to Fine-Grained Access Control       Oracle9i Supplied PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference - Chapter          - DBMS_RLS      12.2 Problems / solutions     -------------------------     [NOTE:69401.1]   How to resolve ORA-28110 or ORA-28112 on SELECT or DML      [NOTE:100130.1]  ORA-1031 when setting Attribute via DBMS_SESSION.SET_CONTEXT      [NOTE:113970.1]  SELECT Statement Hangs when using Fine Grained Access Control      [NOTE:168056.1]  Select on Table With Policy Defined on it Fails With                       ORA-28110      [NOTE:175658.1]  RLS Policy Function Appears to Run in a New Session      [NOTE:277606.1]  How to Prevent EXP-00079 or EXP-00080 Warning (Data in                       Table xxx is Protected) During Export      [NOTE:277606.1]  How to Prevent EXP-00079 or EXP-00080 Warning (Data in                       Table xxx is Protected) During Export     [NOTE:130652.1]  A policy does not work as defined, though UPDATE_CHECK is                       set to TRUE     [NOTE:117058.1]  ORA-439 When Trying to Use DBMS_RLS     [NOTE:179379.1]  Querying Against a Partitioned Table With FGAC Fails With                       ORA-01762      [NOTE:158187.1]  Create Materialized View Fails With ORA-30372        [NOTE:172423.1]  ORA-12015 when Creating Materialized View with Defined                       Fine Grain Access Control     [NOTE:153978.1]  Oracle9i Export of Table with Row Level Security Aborts                       with ORA-1406 and EXP-0     [NOTE:219911.1]  Fine Grained Access Control Feature Is Not Available In the                      Oracle Server Standard Edition     [NOTE:250094.1]  How to Know the Exact Cause of an ORA-28113 Error After                       Setting a FGAC Policy     [NOTE:278577.1]  FGAC Policy Causes Ora-00903 When Using A Function With                       UNION Operator And PK On Function Tables       12.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ----------------------------------     [NOTE:71836.1]  OERR:ORA-30372  fine grain access policy conflicts with                      materialized view     [NOTE:71410.1]  OERR:ORA-28116  insufficient privileges to do direct path                      access      12.4 Bugs     ---------     [BUG:1517613]  ORA-1762 USING PARTITIONS AND FINE GRAINED ACCESS CONTROL     [BUG:2539145]  EXEMPT ACCESS POLICY PRIVILEGE NOT PROPERLY RECOGNIZED BY THE EXPORT UTILITY     [BUG:1802004]  EXP-0: EXPORT TERMINATED UNSUCCESSFULLY     *** 13) Oracle Label Security   *** =========================      Oracle Label Security enables application developers to add label-based      access control to Oracle9i applications. It mediates access to rows in      database tables based on a label contained in the row, and the label and      privileges associated with each user session. Oracle Label Security is      built on the virtual private database technology of Oracle9i Enterprise      Edition.       13.1 How to and Documentation     -----------------------------     [NOTE:230980.1] Oracle Label Security - Concepts (Policies and Labels) and                                              Examples     [NOTE:171155.1] Install/Deinstall Oracle Label Security Data Dictionary in Oracle9i         [NOTE:213684.1] Oracle Label Security Frequently Asked Questions                                          [NOTE:213716.1] Oracle Label Security in a Replication Environment                 Oracle Label Security Administrator's Guide       13.2 Problems / solutions     -------------------------     [NOTE:215886.1] Oracle Trusted Stored Procedure Label Not Used                                    [NOTE:144160.1] Unable to Find Oracle Policy Manager (Oracle Label                      Security Related Application)        [NOTE:231777.1] ORA-12445 When Applying a Label Function on a Table                      Protected by an OLS Policy          [NOTE:238599.1] ORA-12447 When Creating an Already Existing OLS Policy                        [NOTE:233110.1] ORA-07445 [zllcini] or ORA-04045 in a Database with OLS Set                      to FALSE     [NOTE:250411.1] ORA-439 Oracle Label Security Option Not Enabled though                      Already Installed           13.3 Bugs     ---------     [BUG:2499257]  ORA-28115 TO_DATA_LABEL WILL WORK ON ADMINISTRATOR CREATED                     DATA LABELS     [BUG:2367197]  ORACLE SPATIAL INDEX CREATION AND QUERIES FAIL WHEN OLS IS APPLIED                    LOGINS *** 14) Security Server  *** ===================      14.1 How to and Documentation     -----------------------------     [NOTE:1064547.6] Steps to make the Oracle Security Server Work on Windows NT                   [NOTE:1031071.6] OVERVIEW OF ORACLE SECURITY SERVER      [NOTE:191137.1]  Troubleshooting Enterprise User Security                             [NOTE:166492.1]  SSL  Troubleshooting Guide                                           [NOTE:112490.1]  Configuring NET8 TCP/IP via SSL                                                        [NOTE:189260.1]  How to Configure the Database with SSL Using a DN                       Certificate            14.2 Problems / solutions     -------------------------     [NOTE:185157.1]  OIDLDAPD Fails With Error 28759 When SSL is Defined                  [NOTE:1070507.6] ORA-28759: GENERATING WALLET USING OSSLOGIN      14.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ---------------------------------     [NOTE:50079.1]   OERR   ORA-28759  Failed to open file               14.4 Bugs     --------- *** 15) Data Encryption  *** ===================      These are the references to the database encryption features provided with the      DBMS_OBFUSCATION_TOOLKIT supplied package, for references relating to network encryption     please see the Networking - Security and Authentication Library Index [NOTE:132857.1],     topic: Encryption and Integrity.      15.1 How to and Documentation     -----------------------------     [NOTE:232000.1]  Selective Data Encryption in Oracle RDBMS, Overview and                       References     [NOTE:225214.1]  New IV Parameter to DES3Encrypt en DES3Decrypt Enhances                       Interoperability     [NOTE:165465.1]  Oracle Advanced Security Frequently Asked Questions           [NOTE:132852.1]  Enabling SSL Authentication       [NOTE:172198.1]  Advanced Security Option with Client Tools     [NOTE:104410.1]  How to Enable Encryption & Checksumming using JDBC Drivers     [NOTE:39612.1]   Secure Network Services V1.0 Configuration Overview on                       OpenVMS     [NOTE:126079.1]  Net8 overview and explanation (3)     [NOTE:228636.1]  Meaning of "WHICH" Parameter in DES3Decrypt And DES3Encrypt                       Procedures     [NOTE:263616.1]  Given two Different DES Encryption Keys, Encrypted Strings                       can Appear Identical     [NOTE:270919.1]  Transferring Encrypted Data from one Database to Another      Oracle9i Application Developer's Guide - Fundamentals -        Chapter - Data Encryption Using DBMS_OBFUSCATION_TOOLKIT -      PL/SQL Packages and Types Reference 10g - DBMS_CRYPTO package -      15.2 Problems / Solutions     -------------------------     [NOTE:197040.1]  dbms_obfuscation_toolkit.DESDecrypt Compatibility Problem     [NOTE:197892.1]  ORA-28232 using DBMS_OBFUSCATION to Encrypt/Decrypt      [NOTE:133772.1]  ORA-04068 Executing DBMS_OBFUSCATION_TOOLKIT      15.3 Parameters, Events and Errors     ----------------------------------     [NOTE:173530.1]  OERR:  ORA-28232  invalid input length for obfuscation                       toolkit      15.4 Bugs     ---------     15.5 Scripts     ------------     [NOTE:102902.1]  Encrypting Data using the DBMS_OBFUSCATION_TOOLKIT package     [NOTE:166884.1]  How to use DBMS_OBFUSCATION_TOOLKIT.DES3Encrypt and DES3Decrypt procedures.     [NOTE:197400.1]  Example code encrypting credit card numbers     [NOTE:118686.1]  Example: Enable Encryption in a JDBC Program     [NOTE:123091.1]  Wrapper for DBMS_OBFUSCATION_TOOLKIT, cope with 8-byte                       input limitation     [NOTE:244133.1]  SCRIPT: Encrypting Binary Large Objects (BLOBS) with                       dbms_obfuscation_toolkit.