Question

INNER JOIN / OUTER JOIN. what are these and why use them?

Asked by: illucid

1).
Im looking at an example here:

SELECT P.PublisherCode, P.PublisherName, B.BookCode, B.BookTitle
FROM Publisher P LEFT INNER JOIN Book B
ON P.PublisherCode = B.PublisherCode

how this is different to:

SELECT P.PublisherCode, P.PublisherName, B.BookCode, B.BookTitle
FROM Publisher P, Book B
WHERE P.PublisherCode = B.PublisherCode


2).
Can someone explain to me the difference between INNER/OUTER and LEFT/RIGHT JOIN's

Thanks!

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Asked On
2003-11-11 at 00:37:09ID20794022
Tags

inner

,

outer

Topic

Oracle Database

Participating Experts
7
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Comments
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Answers

 

by: catchmeifuwantPosted on 2003-11-11 at 00:42:09ID: 9720768

 

by: baonguyen1Posted on 2003-11-11 at 01:44:02ID: 9721019

1. As we have Left , Right and Full Outer Join I think the fisrt question should read:

SELECT P.PublisherCode, P.PublisherName, B.BookCode, B.BookTitle
FROM Publisher P LEFT OUTER JOIN Book B
ON P.PublisherCode = B.PublisherCode.

It shows PublisherCode, PublisherName values of the Publisher table that match PublisherCode in Book table and for unmatched rows from the Publisher table it will display Null.

The second is just a join condition

2. Refer to catchmeifuwant answer

 

by: aithenePosted on 2004-02-26 at 06:10:22ID: 10460217

INNER/OUTER:

   emp                                  dept

id_emp, name_emp, id_dept               id_dept, name_dept

1           Jones           10                        10        IT
2          Holms            10                       20        Marketing
3          Jordan           20                       30        Accountance
4         Rogers           -- (yet)

SELECT name_emp, name_dept
FROM emp e FULL OUTER JOIN dept d
WHERE e.id_dept = d.id_dept

name_emp              name_dept

Jones                       IT
Holms                       IT
Jordan                     Marketing
Rogers                    --
--                           Accountance


OUTER - you have not matched rows in one of the tables, but JOIN works
INNER - rows have their matched rows in the joining table

 

by: lucasjellemaPosted on 2004-12-09 at 04:45:22ID: 12782529

I use the following summary for the outer joins:

EMP LEFT OUTER JOIN DEPT: take all records from the LEFT side table (EMP) and try to join them with records in DEPT. Any records in EMP not yet joined are also displayed with null entries for any DEPT columns
EMP RIGHT OUTER JOIN DEPT: take all records from the RIGHT side table (DEPT) and try to join them with records in EMP. Any records in DEPT not yet joined are also displayed with null entries for any EMP columns
EMP FULL OUTER JOIN DEPT: take all records from the left side table (EMP) and try to join them with records in DEPT. Any records in EMP not yet joined are also displayed with null entries for any DEPT columns. Any records in DEPT not yet joined are also displayed with null entries for any EMP columns.



 

by: helpneedPosted on 2005-03-28 at 00:39:24ID: 13642354

hi

i think lucasjellema  said is ok

regards

 

by: guru_on_demandPosted on 2005-07-02 at 09:15:51ID: 14354647

lucasjellema
I have been searching for such a succinct yet complete answer and you have managed to do it so well. Thank you so much
g_on_d

 

by: irfanlmkrPosted on 2008-01-28 at 10:38:22ID: 20761633

An inner join's ON condition retrieves only those records that satisfy the join condition. An outer join does the same thing but with the addition of returning records for one table in which there were no matching records in the other table.
There are three types of outer joins: left outer, right outer, and full outer. All outer joins retrieve records from both tables, just as an inner join does. However, an outer join retrieves all of the records from one of the tables. A column in the result is NULL if the corresponding input table did not contain a matching record.

The left outer join retrieves records from both tables, retrieving all the records from the left table and any records from the right table where the condition values match. If there are no matching values in from the right table, the join still retrieves all the records from the left table. Any columns from the right table that are unmatchedare left NULL.

The right outer join is similar to the left outer join in that it retrieves all the records from one side of the relationship, but this time it's the right table. Only records where the condition values match are retrieved from the left.

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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