Question

High Kernel usgae for sysbase server

Asked by: cpc2004

Our sybase server have 4 sybase DBs and it has only two processors. One Sybase server (ie sybaseA) uses almost 5o% of CPU and our sybase setting only use 1 processor. Our servers reports slow response at business for the sybaseA and it uses almost 50% of the CPU. According to VMSTAT, the kernel time is almost 60% of CPU. My question why the kernel time is over so 60%. Does it related to sybase parameter setting? I want to find out the bottleneck of the sybase servers.

                                                                                               US SY WA ID
06/02/08 09:02:24  2 0 537916 4550 0 0 0 0 0 0 1722 57679 2502 22 70 0 8
06/02/08 09:32:25  2 1 539835 3608 0 0 0 0 0 0 1689 69463 2409 19 80 0 0
06/02/08 10:02:24  2 0 540296 5960 0 0 0 0 0 0 1302 90319 1762 16 80 0 4
06/02/08 10:32:24  2 0 541335 5396 0 0 0 0 0 0 1632 38547 2660 19 65 0 16

We are using AIX 5.2 ML04 and sybase 12.5.

Any comment is appreciated.

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Asked On
2006-03-01 at 02:31:37ID21756019
Tags

high

,

kernel

,

aix

,

sybase

,

sysbase

Topic

Sybase Database

Participating Experts
2
Points
500
Comments
9

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Answers

 

by: alpmoonPosted on 2006-03-05 at 17:24:39ID: 16110650

As much as I understand you have 4 Sybase instances (dataservers) on a two CPU UNIX box. If these four Sybase instances are active most of the time, it is not a good idea at all. You see a high kernel usage because UNIX needs to switch process context all the time. Also it looks SybaseA is active all the time (CPU usage is 50 per cent).

I suggest either to add another two CPU's or to consolidate all databases in two Sybase instances (or one if it is possible). Maybe you should find out why there are four Sybase instances first.

Sybase is different than Oracle in terms of the relation between server instances and databases. You can create many databases in the same Sybase instance. Most of the cases, it is much better than creating one Sybase instance for each database. Sybase has many features to allocate resources for a particular database. You can create named data caches and bind them to a particular database. CPU usage can be restricted based on application etc.

 

by: cpc2004Posted on 2006-03-05 at 18:46:35ID: 16111270

Hi alpmoon,

Only two sybase processes are very active and the other sybase  processes consumes 2% to 3% CPU. The value of the context switch is not large when the users report slow response.

I will move the most sybase process to a new AIX server but in the meantime I have to resolve the slow response problem. Do you have interium solution to resolve the performance issue.  Right now we re-schedule all non-ciritical batch processing of another sybase to non-peak hours and the performance is improved. However we cannot stop the users of other sybase to do on-line processing (ie enquiry or update

<<<
CPU usage can be restricted based on application etc
>>>
How can I restrict a sybase application to use CPU?

cpc

 

by: alpmoonPosted on 2006-03-05 at 23:41:15ID: 16112298

I think the most active Sybase instance (dataserver) needs to use more than 1 CPU. First you should set "max number of engines" parameter to 2. Depending on the version of ASE, most probably you need to set "online engines at startup" to 2 as well. I can tell more detail if you provide ASE version.

However, I am not sure whether this configuration change affect other instances or not. That was the reason I suggested to have one or at most two Sybase instances on a two CPU UNIX box. If others are not really active, it should be OK. But the second active ASE instance may be affected by this change.

As I said, the better solution is moving all databases to one ASE instance if it is possible. In this case Sybase control all processes and it is much more efficient than leaving control to UNIX. Handling context switches through UNIX is much more expensive than doing it through Sybase.

After setting two engines you can restrict some users to use only one engine at a time. It is only meaningful if you move all databases into one ASE dataserver.

 

by: cpc2004Posted on 2006-03-07 at 19:12:38ID: 16130022

Users reports slow response at Sybase A on 7th March and stock price update was delayed almost by 10 minutes. At that moment Syabse B was also very active.  Compare the CPU utllization on 6th March and that day no user report slow response at Sybase A and the CPU utilization of Sybase B was very low.

Sybase A
                                         CPU Time                
06/03/07 11:02:10 - 10:02:10  25:33 (50%)
06/03/07 10:02:10 - 10:32:10  25:38 (50%)

Sybase B
06/03/07 11:02:10 - 10:02:10    7:02 (14%)
06/03/07 10:02:10 - 10:32:10  19:39  (38%)
 
Sybase A
                                         CPU Time                
06/03/06 11:02:10 - 10:02:10  25:03 (50%)
06/03/06 10:02:10 - 10:32:10  26:07 (50.5%)

Sybase B
06/03/06 11:02:10 - 10:02:10   0:56 (1%)
06/03/06 10:02:10 - 10:32:10   1:24 (2.5%)

It seems that the slow response of Sybase A was related to Sybase B was very active. However it does not make sense, as the CPU utilization of Sybase A is almost the same. If the CPU utilization of Sybase A drops when Sybase B is very active, I will be convinced that it is CPU capacity. The other two sybase (ie Sybase C and Sybase D) only used less than 3% of the CPU. It seems that the bottle neck is within sybase A update process (ie it is stock price update, the stock price is update three times per minutes and it was backlog for 10 minutes) . It maybe related to I/O or database locking.
The system has almost no paging and the problem is not related to memory.

How can I find out the I/O update performance bottle neck of Sybase A? I am not convice myself it is related to CPU. Is it possible that the value of network packet size is too low?

 

by: alpmoonPosted on 2006-03-08 at 12:45:20ID: 16138171

It odesn't look related to disk IO unless some processes on SybaseB is causing heavy IO, because stock price update would be slow all the time if the actual problem is disk IO. What you see is the actual CPU usage by Sybase dataservers. Operating system needs to use CPU as well. If you see that one CPU is fully used by one dataserver, there is a high possibility that that dataserver needs an additional engine. You can run sp_sysmon to check what is happenning inside Sybase. Execute below command in a script and direct output to a file (it will take ten minutes, you can run it for a shorter or longer period as well):

sp_sysmon "00:10:00"

It creates a very detailed output. You can see CPU usage, cache usage, disk IO and many more details. If CPU busy is more than 85%, you should add an additional engine. But as I said earlier it may affect SybaseB and it may cause more context switches on OS level. Also you should run sp_sysmon to see whether more data cache would be useful to decrease disk IO or whether disk IO is really haeavy or not on SybaseB.

 

by: cpc2004Posted on 2006-04-04 at 23:47:36ID: 16378654

I haven't resolved the problem and I want to keep this question for one more month. Maybe some experts have new suggestion to my problem.

 

by: leonstrykerPosted on 2006-04-05 at 05:52:10ID: 16380855

cpc2004,

Once a question has no traffic for a certain period of time, it becomes very unlikely to have any "new" experts looking at it.  I would suggest you close this one and open a new question, or at the very least post a linking question to increase the chances of this being answered.

leonstryker

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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