Question

Error CREATing VIEW containing a UNION ALL and ORDER BY query

Asked by: Sigh_Man

I have written a valid query which contains a UNION ALL as well as an ORDER BY.  I'll simplify it here as an example:
SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table 1
UNION ALL
SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table2
ORDER BY Surname

Let me say at this point: my query executes perfectly; all the relevant rows are retrieved and are nicely ORDERed BY my chosen column.  However, I am trying to turn this into a VIEW using:

CREATE VIEW MyView AS
SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT Surname, GivenName FROM Table 1
UNION ALL
SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table2
ORDER BY Surname

It seems to be the UNION which is causing the problem:
CREATE VIEW MyView AS
SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT Surname, GivenName FROM Table 1
--UNION ALL
--SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table2
ORDER BY Surname

but this is not ordering correctly.

I even tried creating a second View which does a SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT * FROM MyView but the result is still not Ordered by the desired column properly.  (The list is kinda alphabetically ordered - problem is it starts again at A's half way down - presumably cos of the UNION query.)

Any suggestions?

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Asked On
2008-12-16 at 06:00:28ID23988429
Topics

SQL Server 2005

,

MS SQL Server

Participating Experts
3
Points
500
Comments
18

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Answers

 

by: angelIIIPosted on 2008-12-16 at 06:02:05ID: 23183592

this will work better:

CREATE VIEW MyView AS
SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT * 
FROM ( SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table 1
       UNION ALL
       SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table2
     )
ORDER BY Surname

                                              
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:

Select allOpen in new window

 

by: Sigh_ManPosted on 2008-12-16 at 06:41:07ID: 23183926

Thanks for the comment.  Unfortunately, this results in:
Msg 156, Level 15, State 1, Line 6
Incorrect syntax near the keyword 'ORDER'.

 

by: angelIIIPosted on 2008-12-16 at 06:52:59ID: 23184058

sorry.,

CREATE VIEW MyView AS
SELECT TOP 100 PERCENT * 
FROM ( SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table 1
       UNION ALL
       SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table2
     ) as sq
ORDER BY Surname

                                              
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:

Select allOpen in new window

 

by: Sigh_ManPosted on 2008-12-16 at 07:01:51ID: 23184162

OK,thanks.
I tried this but the ordering is still no good.
It is in order, but it gets to Z and then starts again - almost as though it applies the order to each table in the Union.
As a query, this returns the results perfectly.
BUT when this exact same query is put into a View (using Create View etc) the order is all over the place. Interestingly, I did spot this article:
http://www.microsoft.com/communities/newsgroups/en-us/default.aspx?dg=microsoft.public.sqlserver.mseq&tid=ab33638c-97fe-4f12-bd12-e96d68a30a06&cat=&lang=&cr=&sloc=&p=1

 

by: BrandonGalderisiPosted on 2008-12-16 at 07:03:18ID: 23184184

You can't do an order by in a view.

 

by: BrandonGalderisiPosted on 2008-12-16 at 07:03:59ID: 23184187

OR so I think..

 

by: BrandonGalderisiPosted on 2008-12-16 at 07:04:49ID: 23184198

Never mind.  The TOP allows the order by.

 

by: acperkinsPosted on 2008-12-16 at 20:34:07ID: 23190730

>>Never mind.  The TOP allows the order by.<<
It does, but in SQL Server 2005 using 100 PERCENT does not guarantee the results are sorted :)

So please quit using an ORDER BY clause on a VIEW.  While you may fool SQL Server 2005 by changing it to TOP 99.99999 PERCENT, that does not absolve it from being a lousy practice.

 

by: Sigh_ManPosted on 2008-12-16 at 21:27:42ID: 23190899

acperkins, are you saying that using TOP 99.99999 percent WOULD honour my ORDER BY clause in the View?
FYI: I have worked around this issue now anyway using a long-winded change within the client application (not SQL), so I am not looking to employ "TOP 99.99999 PERCENT"; I am just curious as to whether doing that causes the View to sort as stipulated in the ORDER BY clause.

Is it unfair of me to expect MS to give us a sortable View?
Did MS do this by choice to keep us developers busy?  OR does the issue run deeper than that?  :D

 

by: BrandonGalderisiPosted on 2008-12-16 at 21:36:27ID: 23190934

It is intended that you apply your sorting when selecting from your view.  Just like you have no guarantee that your data will be returned from a table in any order without doing an order by, you have to order a view.

 

by: Sigh_ManPosted on 2008-12-16 at 21:54:09ID: 23190990

Hmmm.  I figured as much but unfortunately one of our old routines relies on the position of a certain row being predictable, and this old routine is outside of our app and beyond our control.  Nevermind. :D
Thanks to all for the posts.

 

by: BrandonGalderisiPosted on 2008-12-16 at 23:36:40ID: 23191322

Well you can use a procedure or a table valued function if it has to be selectable.

CREATE procedure up_MyView AS
SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table 1
UNION ALL
SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table2
ORDER BY Surname
GO
 
CREATE function dbo.fn_MyView ()
returns @Names 
  (SurName nvarchar(50)
  ,GivenName nvarchar(50)
  ) table
AS
begin
insert into @Names(SurName,GivenName)
SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table 1
UNION ALL
SELECT Surname, GivenName FROM Table2
ORDER BY Surname
end
GO
                                              
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9:
10:
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Select allOpen in new window

 

by: acperkinsPosted on 2008-12-17 at 10:43:50ID: 23196564

>> are you saying that using TOP 99.99999 percent WOULD honour my ORDER BY clause in the View?<<
I have no idea. Do a search on this website and you will see crappy solutions like that.

>>Is it unfair of me to expect MS to give us a sortable View?<<
Views were never intended to be sortable.  The fact that people found cheesy workarounds, does not make it correct.  So you can blame MS all you like, the fact of the matter the ones responsible are developers who relied on these tricks.

It makes no sense whatsoever to make Views sortable.  Think about it, you create your complicated View and add an ORDER BY clause based on one column or two.  Now you need the same columns in a different order, what are you going to do: Copy the View an modify? and so on.  This is not MS Access, try and do it right the first time and you will not have to redo it.

 

by: acperkinsPosted on 2008-12-17 at 10:52:33ID: 23196661

P.S. If you find that TOP 99.99999 is a "solution", I will not be surprised in future, if I see you asking a similar question when you upgrade to SQL Server 2008.

 

by: Sigh_ManPosted on 2008-12-17 at 15:04:21ID: 23199216

Thanks Dad   :D
Your comment was: "While you may fool SQL Server 2005 by changing it to TOP 99.99999 PERCENT...".
LIKE I SAID, I was not looking to employ this "TOP 99.99999 PERCENT" crap - I was just curious because I read your comment as implying that TOP 99.99999 PERCENT was somehow different from TOP 100 PERCENT in terms of its ability to sort a View.
I may not hold an EE-Genius ranking but even I can spot that "TOP 99.99999 PERCENT" is dodgy, which is why I didn't think of it.  I am, however, into "learning" which is why I asked you to elaborate on your earlier comment.
Thanks.

 

by: Sigh_ManPosted on 2008-12-17 at 15:21:45ID: 23199371

PS - My comments weren't meant to sling mud at Microsoft (in fact I'm quite the MS fan!); I was simply trying to learn of the reasons why a View would not be sortable or at least by default preserve the order of the first table in the View's FROM clause.

 

by: acperkinsPosted on 2008-12-17 at 16:12:01ID: 23199623

Here is the logic behind why TOP 99.9999999 is supposed to "work".  If you use TOP 100 the SQL Server engine knows that you want all the records and produces them all (minus the sort).  If you use TOP 99.9999999 than it will attempt to only retrieve those records that comply.

As always with undocumented functionality your miles may vary.

Good luck.

 

by: Sigh_ManPosted on 2008-12-17 at 16:23:55ID: 31526387

Thanks to all for the posts.  In summary, whilst ostensibly you CAN apply an ORDER BY to a View using TOP 100 PERCENT, the results cannot be relied upon to be in the order stipulated in the ORDER BY clause.

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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