Question

Linux routing problems

Asked by: middletn

Hi Guys,
I'm having a little problem getting my head around routing in Linux
OS: Centos 5.3

Have have two NIC's install in this server
NIC1 is drectly connected to the internet in a datacentre via a switch and has a public IP.  It needs to route its traffic via another public IP(gateway)
NIC1 has IPtables enabled as a firewall

NIC2 has assigned a local IP address.

Problem: I cannot for the life of me get internet access.  I'm used to using a Cisco router/Pix for this type of thing, but because of the shear scale of traffic, the Pix I normally use, cannot cope.

Can someone give me some pointer?

regards

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Asked On
2009-06-30 at 14:03:04ID24534755
Tags

Linux

,

networking

,

routes

Topics

Linux Networking

,

IP Tables/IP Chains

,

Miscellaneous Networking

Participating Experts
2
Points
500
Comments
4

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Answers

 

by: BlazPosted on 2009-06-30 at 23:45:33ID: 24751948

In general these are the steps to get forwarding working:

1. enable ip forwarding on the machine:
echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

2. make sure that NATing is configured (MASQUERADE or SNAT):
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -i eth0 -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE

3. make sure that you allow forwarding traffic in iptables rules:
iptables -I FORWARD -i eth0 -j ACCEPT
iptables -I FORWARD -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

Thats about it.

Post a comment if you have troubles with any of these steps

 

by: it4sohoPosted on 2009-07-03 at 08:59:38ID: 24773166

While Blaz assumed you couldn't get Internet Access from connected LAN hosts, I'm not so sure your question isn't that you are having trouble connecting to the Internet on the Linux box itself...

If this is the case, you need to look at your routing tables:
   # route

Your rules are actually simple... you want to direct anything on the LAN to eth1 (NIC2) and anything NOT for the LAN to eth0 (NIC1). Since examples work best, lets assume your WAN IP address is 1.2.3.4 & your assigned gateway is 1.2.3.1. Further, let's assume your LAN IP is 10.0.0.1/24.

What you WANT your routing table to look like is this:
Destination     Gateway         Genmask         Flags Metric Ref    Use Iface
10.0.0.0          *                     255.255.255.0   U     0       0        0    eth1
169.254.0.0    *                     255.255.0.0       U     0       0        0    eth1
default            1.2.3.1            0.0.0.0              UG    0       0        0    eth0

In CENTOS, you'll manage these settings in the following files (for reboot)
 - /etc/sysconfig/network
    GATEWAY=1.2.3.1

 - /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
    IPADDR=1.2.3.4
    etc....

 - /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
    IPADDR=10.0.0.1
    etc...

Once the routing tables are setup, THEN you can add the forwarding commands listed above.

Just my thoughts in case the issue was routing for the Linux box vs. connecting clients....

Dan
IT4SOHO

 

by: middletnPosted on 2009-07-05 at 05:02:29ID: 24779727

iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -i eth0 -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE

I'm getting the followwhen I execute the above line,
iptables v1.3.5: Can't use -i with POSTROUTING

What is the -i for?

regards

 

by: BlazPosted on 2009-07-05 at 13:01:46ID: 24781147

Yes, you are right - sorry. -i is incomming interface (which isnt available in postrouting chain) while -o is outgoing interface. Just ommit the "-i eth0" part:
iptables -t nat -I POSTROUTING -o ppp0 -j MASQUERADE

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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