Hostnames and Domain Names

Hello,

I have some questions about the use and assignment of hostnames and domain names in computer networks and The Internet. Nothing difficult, but I assign a lot of points because the question is long and I need a lot of information :)

I know about IP addresses and how they are assigned to hosts. but how a hostname is assigned to a particular host ? When for example the IP address is assigned dynamically to a host by the ISP using DHCP, is the ISP assigning a hostname to the machine too ?

How can I find the hostname of a machine ?

Is it one hostname per network interface (like IP addresses) or just one hostname for the machine ?

Can the hostname be used for identifying a specific host on the internet from a remote network, just like using the IP address for identifying the host ?

Is the hostname of a machine always associated with the name of the computer ? for example, in windows when I use the command "hostname", I get the name of the computer as the response. But this doesn't mean that that name can be used for identifying the host on the internet. Does it ? So that command gives you just the name of the computer instead of the hostname used for the network ?

What is the exact difference between a hostname and a domain name ? Is the domain name identifying a particular machine or just a group of machines ?

Is the DNS system used for resolving the IP address of both a hostname and a domain name ?

When I give the command "ipconfig", in the information that is displayed, there is a field called "Connection-specific DNS suffix". What is that ? is it related to the domain name ?

So if the "Connection-specific DNS suffix" is say "abc.com" that means that the name "hostname.abc.com" can be used to identify the host from a remote network ?

What do we mean with "fully-qualified domain name" or "fully-qualified hostname"

Thanks in advance for any help