Question

QOS over GRE Tunnel

Asked by: mmurraynet

I have a router with a GRE tunnel set up and passing VOIP traffic. I'm trying to figure out exactly what is happening with regard to QOS, specifically  traffic shaping and queuing, for the following config:

interface Tunnel0
 ip address 10.1.2.1 255.255.255.0
 qos pre-classify
 cdp enable
 tunnel source 78.12.21.28
 tunnel destination 122.14.6.122
 tunnel bandwidth transmit 1544
 tunnel bandwidth receive 1544
 service-policy output TUNNEL_QOS

policy-map VOICE
 class VOICE
  priority 480
 class class-default
  police rate 900000 bps
    conform-action transmit
    exceed-action drop

policy-map TUNNEL_QOS
 class class-default
  shape peak 15440000
  service-policy VOICE

It looks like this QOS strategy doesn't make sense.

Here's my guess:
1. Policy map "VOICE" puts VOIP (class "VOICE") traffic in priority queue and guarantees 480k. Won't this max out at 480k?
2. Policy map "VOICE" also polices "class-default" traffic traffic to 900k.
3. Policy map TUNNEL_QOS specifies peak rate shaping of 1.54 mbps for class-default and applies policy map VOICE. But at this point would any traffic get classified as VOICE?

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Asked On
2008-03-14 at 19:09:29ID23243549
Topics

Voice Over IP

,

IP Telephony

,

Network Routers

Participating Experts
2
Points
500
Comments
2

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Answers

 

by: donmanrobbPosted on 2008-03-14 at 23:43:19ID: 21131669

Your right,
Based on the config you posted there is no classification being done at this point.
A class-map would need to be added to fix this such as:

class-map match-all VOICE
match protocol rtp

You could also match the voice traffic using an access-list, so something along the lines of:
access-list 101 permit udp any any range 16384 32767
then class-map VOICE and match ip address 101

Finally if your voip devices like Cisco phones premark the packets with a precedence (5) or DSCP (EF) value you can have the class-map match on those values with match precedence 5 or match dscp ef

Feel free to ask if you have any questions

 

by: cstosgalePosted on 2008-03-15 at 11:53:31ID: 21133807

This is correct, but the policy above will nonetheless have an effect.

As it stands, all traffic will be shaped to a peak rate of 1544 kb/s but then policed to 900 kb/s. The end result will be that all traffic will be policed to a rate of 900 kb/s. Any traffic over this rate will be dropped. This is going to have a pretty bad affect on voice traffic. Implementing the changes donmanrobb suggested will resolve this as voice traffic will be excluded from the police statement (but it will still be shaped which is still not good for voice as this can introduce variable delay and cause jitter)

It would probably be better to exclude the voice class from any shape or police statements thus:-

policy-map TUNNEL_QOS
class VOICE
  priority 480
 class class-default
  police rate 900000 bps
    conform-action transmit
    exceed-action drop

This will give voice traffic 480 kbps of priority bandwith (it will not be able to exceed this amount of bandwith) and police everything else to 900 kbps.

I would recommend using the match protocol rtp statement as indicated above, but for this to work, you will also need the ip nbar protocol-discovery statement on the ingress interface. Alternatively, if you have Cisco IP phones and autoqos is enabled on the switches, this is even better as the voice packets will already be marked appropriately. All you will need is:-

class-map match-all VOICE
match dscp ef

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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