Question

Set builder notation

Asked by: PMG76

I need some help understanding set builder notation.  what is the set builder notation for these 3examples?

{0, 3, 6, 9, 12}
{-3, -2, -2, 0, 1, 2, 3}
{m, n, o, p}

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Asked On
2009-06-12 at 14:43:13ID24488098
Topic

Math & Science

Participating Experts
2
Points
500
Comments
14

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Answers

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-12 at 14:53:50ID: 24616470

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-12 at 14:56:32ID: 24616484

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-12 at 15:04:27ID: 24616542

Hey ..

Check this out:

http://fd.valenciacc.edu/file/dgil2/COT2104_Practice%203.pdf

Pretty close, eh?

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-12 at 15:08:17ID: 24616564

 

by: PMG76Posted on 2009-06-12 at 15:08:18ID: 24616565

http://fd.valenciacc.edu/file/dgil2/COT2104_Practice%203.pdf
that is good for practice, but it doesn't show the answers.  It doesn't help much if I don't know how to solve it.  LoL

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-12 at 15:30:35ID: 24616715

Your right ..

Boy, I was on a roll though.  All of a sudden I though I was back in school.  What would it be like, going to school with google?

No wonder they call it Yahoo!

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-12 at 15:51:13ID: 24616851

Another way to describe a set is to use set builder notation. We characterize all those
elements in the set by stating the property or properties they must have to be members. For
instance, the set O of all odd positive integers less than 10 can be written as

O = {x | x is an odd positive integer less than 10},

or, specifying the universe as the set of positive integers, as

O = {x  Z+ | x is odd and x < 10}.

We often use this type of notation to describe sets when it is impossible to list all the elements
of the set. For instance, the set Q+ of all positive rational numbers can be written as
Q+ = {x  R | x = p/q, for some positive integers p and q.

These sets, each denoted using a boldface letter, play an important role in discrete
mathematics:
N = {0, 1, 2, 3, . . .}, the set of natural numbers
Z = {. . . ,2,1, 0, 1, 2, . . .}, the set of integers
Z+ = {1, 2, 3, . . .}, the set of positive integers
Q = {p/q | p  Z, q  Z, and q = 0}, the set of rational numbers
R, the set of real numbers

(Note that some people do not consider 0 a natural number, so be careful to check how the term
natural numbers is used when you read other books.)

Sets can have other sets as members, as this Example  illustrates.

EXAMPLE  The set {N,Z,Q,R} is a set containing four elements, each of which is a set. The four elements
of this set are N, the set of natural numbers; Z, the set of integers; Q, the set of rational numbers;
and R, the set of real numbers.

Remark:
Note that the concept of a datatype, or type, in computer science is built upon the
concept of a set. In particular, a datatype or type is the name of a set, together with a set of
operations that can be performed on objects from that set. For example, boolean is the name of
the set {0, 1} together with operators on one or more elements of this set, such as AND, OR,
and NOT.

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-12 at 16:00:02ID: 24616891

So ..

For the first one:

{0, 3, 6, 9, 12}

Answer: { 3k | k   * {0}  }

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-12 at 16:01:49ID: 24616897

And ..

the second one (which is actually):

{-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3}

A = { x / x ¬ I, -4 < x < 4}

I is integer and it is read as

A is a set of x such that x belongs to integer and x is greater than -4 and less than4

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-12 at 16:04:47ID: 24616910

Finally ..

The last one:

{m, n, o, p}

Answer is:

x | x is an element of {m , n , o , p }

 

by: PMG76Posted on 2009-06-12 at 16:21:01ID: 24616991

For the second one I had A={x | -3 <=x<=3

Is that the same thing as what you put?  i don't understand the not integer part that you have.

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-12 at 16:33:24ID: 24617035

That symbol is not coming across right.  It's the sysbol the looks like an e and means belongs to.  So if you read the last statement and substitute the "belongs" in for the screwy character that didn't come across, that'll be right.

Now on yours, are you trying to express the same thing as:

A is a set of x such that x belongs to integer and x is greater than -4 and less than 4

If so, then it is right.  I'd be sure and add the explanation.    Notice how they use it in the discussion.  Really, all this is, is a way of describing a set of numbers.

Let me know if that doesn't make sense.

 

by: InteractiveMindPosted on 2009-06-13 at 16:47:01ID: 24621269

There's no single right answer. Anything of the form {x : condition of x} with correctly builds the set is fine. Here are some:

{0, 3, 6, 9, 12}
= {x in N : 0<=x<=12 AND x/3 in N}
= {x : (there exists n in (N intersect [0,12]) s.t. x=3n)}
= ...

{-3, -2, -2, 0, 1, 2, 3}
= {x in Z : -3<=x<=3}
= {x : x in (Z intersect [-3,3])}
= ...

There is no relation on {m, n, o, p}, so we cannot write this in set builder notation.

uucknaa, where would you be without Google?

 

by: uucknaaaPosted on 2009-06-13 at 19:06:46ID: 24621566

Well ..

I'm thinkin' back now, there were a lot more books.  And an encyclopedia.   And, I remember many trips to the library.

Wow .. life is wonderful!

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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