Question

A* Search algorithm in Java

Asked by: jonmolander

Anyone know any resources for implementing the A* search algorithm in Java?  I'm also looking for resources that are good at explaining the algorithm in detail.

Thanks

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Asked On
2002-12-18 at 14:49:56ID20430757
Tags

java

,

algorithm

,

search

Topic

Physics & Artificial Intelligence in Game Programming

Participating Experts
2
Points
50
Comments
7

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Answers

 

by: vicky_vigiaPosted on 2002-12-18 at 21:55:09ID: 7605838

This might help:
http://forum.java.sun.com/thread.jsp?thread=317568&forum=31&message=1279328

ELSE
Give me some time to write one (If you require)

 

by: jonmolanderPosted on 2002-12-18 at 22:20:05ID: 7605888

One written would be great as a guide.  I require rather rapid implementation of this.

Thanks

 

by: vicky_vigiaPosted on 2002-12-23 at 00:19:56ID: 7623132

Hey Jon, Sorry I am taking too long to write the code. Also it may not be so useful for you as I am implementing it for the Image Analysis thingy!
Hence, say thanx to Geert-Jan van Opdorp :)

And For the resources:
http://www.experts-exchange.com/Programming/Game_Development/AI_Physics/Q_20129475.html

http://www.policyalmanac.org/games/aStarTutorial.htm

The Good One:
http://www.geocities.com/jheyesjones/astar.html

Java A* Algorithm
=================

// -*- mode: java; folded-file: t -*-
/*
 * Author Geert-Jan van Opdorp
 *
 * Copyright (c) 1995 AI Engineering.
 *
 */
package aie.astar;
// {{{ import

import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.*;
import java.net.*;
import java.applet.*;
import java.lang.*;
import java.util.*;

// }}}

// {{{ final class node

final class node {
  State state;
  int costs;
  int distance;
  int total;
  node parent;
  node(State theState, node theParent,  int theCosts, int theDistance) {
    state = theState;
    parent = theParent;
    costs = theCosts;
    distance = theDistance;
    total = theCosts + theDistance;
  };
}

// }}}
// {{{ public final class AStar

public final class AStar {
  // {{{ Variables

  private final  Hashtable open = new Hashtable(500);
  private final  Hashtable closed = new Hashtable(500);
  public int evaluated = 0;
  public  int expanded = 0;
  public int bestTotal = 0;
  public boolean ready = false;
  private  boolean newBest = false;
  private final  Vector nodes = new Vector(); //sorted open node

  // }}}

  private  synchronized void setBest (int value) {
    bestTotal = value;
    newBest = true;
    notify(); // All?
    Thread.currentThread().yield();  //for getNewBest
  }

  public  synchronized int getNewBest() {
    while(!newBest) {
      try {
      wait();
      } catch (InterruptedException e) {
      }
    }
    newBest = false;
    return bestTotal;
  }
 
// {{{ private  node search()

  private  node search() {
    node best;
    Vector childStates;
    int childCosts;
    Vector children = new Vector();
   
    while (!(nodes.isEmpty())) {
      best = (node) nodes.firstElement();
       if(closed.get(best.state) != null) { //to avoid having to remove
       nodes.removeElementAt(0);          // improved nodes from nodes
       continue;
       }
      if (!(best.total == bestTotal)) {
        setBest(best.total);
      }
      if ((best.state).goalp()) return best;

      children.removeAllElements();
      childStates = (best.state).generateChildren();
      childCosts = 1 + best.costs;
      expanded++;

      for (int i = 0; i < childStates.size(); i++) {
      State childState = (State) childStates.elementAt(i);
      node closedNode = null;
      node openNode = null;
      node theNode = null;

      if ((closedNode = (node) closed.get(childState)) == null)
        openNode = (node) open.get(childState);
      theNode = (openNode != null) ? openNode : closedNode;
      if (theNode != null) {
        if (childCosts < theNode.costs) {
          if (closedNode != null) {        
            open.put(childState, theNode);
            closed.remove(childState);
          } else {
            int dist = theNode.distance;
            theNode = new node(childState, best, childCosts, dist);
            open.put(childState, theNode);
             //nodes.removeElement(theNode); //get rid of this
          }
          theNode.costs = childCosts;
          theNode.total = theNode.costs + theNode.distance;
          theNode.parent = best;
          children.addElement(theNode);
          
        }
      } else {
        int estimation;
        node newNode;

        estimation = childState.estimate();
        newNode = new node(childState, best, childCosts, estimation);
        open.put(childState, newNode);
        evaluated++;
        children.addElement(newNode);
      }
      }
      open.remove(best.state);
      closed.put(best.state, best);
      nodes.removeElementAt(0);
      addToNodes(children); // update nodes
     
    }
    return null; //no open nodes and no solution
  }

// }}}

  private int rbsearch(int l, int h, int tot, int costs){
    if(l>h) return l; //insert before l
    int cur = (l+h)/2;
    int ot = ((node) nodes.elementAt(cur)).total;
    if((tot < ot) ||
       (tot == ot && costs >= ((node) nodes.elementAt(cur)).costs))
      return rbsearch(l, cur-1, tot, costs);
    return rbsearch(cur+1, h, tot, costs);
  }

  private int bsearch(int l, int h, int tot, int costs){
    int lo = l;
    int hi = h;
    while(lo<=hi) {
      int cur = (lo+hi)/2;
      int ot = ((node) nodes.elementAt(cur)).total;
      if((tot < ot) ||
       (tot == ot && costs >= ((node) nodes.elementAt(cur)).costs))
      hi = cur - 1;
      else
      lo = cur + 1;
    }
    return lo; //insert before lo
  }
     

// {{{ private  void addToNodes(Vector children)

  private  void addToNodes(Vector children) {
    for (int i = 0; i < children.size(); i++) {
      node newNode = (node) children.elementAt(i);
      int newTotal = newNode.total;
      int newCosts = newNode.costs;
      boolean done = false;
      int idx = bsearch(0, nodes.size()-1, newTotal, newCosts);
      nodes.insertElementAt(newNode, idx);
   
//       for (int j = 0; j < nodes.size(); j++) {
//       int ot = ((node) nodes.elementAt(j)).total;
//       if (newTotal <  ot) {
//         nodes.insertElementAt(newNode, j);
//         done = true;
//         break;
//       }
//       if (newTotal == ot) {
//         if (newNode.costs >= ((node) nodes.elementAt(j)).costs) {
//           nodes.insertElementAt(newNode, j);
//           done = true;
//           break;
//         }}
//       }
//       if (!done) nodes.addElement(newNode);
    }
  }

// }}}
// {{{ public final  Vector solve (State initialState)

  public final  Vector solve (State initialState) {
    node solution;
    node firstNode;
    int estimation;
   
    expanded = 0;
    evaluated = 1;
    estimation = initialState.estimate();
    firstNode = new node(initialState, null, 0, estimation);

    open.put(initialState, firstNode);
    nodes.addElement(firstNode);

    solution = search();
    nodes.removeAllElements();
    open.clear();
    closed.clear();
    ready = true;
    setBest(bestTotal);
    return getSequence(solution);
  }

// }}}
// {{{ private  Vector getSequence(node n)

  private  Vector getSequence(node n) {
    Vector result;
    if (n == null) {
      result = new Vector();
    } else {
      result = getSequence (n.parent);
      result.addElement(n.state);
    }
    return result;
  }

// }}}
}

// }}}

State package
=============

// -*- mode: java; folded-file: t -*-
package aie.astar;
import java.util.Vector;
// {{{ abstract class state

public abstract class State {
  public abstract Vector generateChildren();
  public abstract boolean goalp();
  public abstract int estimate();
}

// }}}

 

by: vicky_vigiaPosted on 2003-01-02 at 03:50:02ID: 7654979

Any Comments?
Did it served as a feasible soln?

 

by: bruintjePosted on 2003-02-16 at 00:58:26ID: 7959159

jonmolander could you please come back and evaluate the comment from vicky_vigia which is what you asked for a sample code for solving your problem ....

thanks
:O)Bruintje

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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