Question

C++ - Reading Binary File Into Data Structure

Asked by: CodeYankee

Greetings All,

I have a binary file that I need to read into a data structure, then insert into a SQL Server database.  There is no header in the file.  The binary file holds 496 records at 64 bytes per record.  I am new to C++, so please forgive my ineptness.  My long and int values appear to be read correctly.  My char values however are displayed as misc characters (ie, smiley faces, misc letters, slashes, dashes).  How can I interpret these char values correctly.  I know 160 points isn't much for this question, but its all this poor kid has left :'( .

I am currently reading it in as follows:

struct Battery {
  int BT;
  int OC;
  char BCU_U;
  long BCU_L;
  int COA;
  char PWM;
  char FU1;
  char POR;
  char WDT;
  int BV;
  int OBV;
  int BVS1;
  int BVS2;
  int BVS3;
  int BVS4;
  int BVS5;
  int BVS6;
  long ELSY2K;
  long DC;
  long PBOT;
  long SBOT;
  int UVFC;
  char FU2;
  long BOT;
  char BS;//[1];
  char FU3;//[8];
  char CSUM;//[1];
};

                int length;
      char * buffer;

      std::ifstream is(DATABASE_FILE, ios_base::in | ios_base::binary);

      //ifstream is;
      //is.open (DATABASE_FILE, ios::binary );

      // get length of file:
      is.seekg (0, ios::end);
      length = is.tellg();
      is.seekg (0, ios::beg);

      // read data as a block:
      int icur = 0;
      int iblock = 64;
      int istruct = sizeof(Battery);
      int recnum = 0;

      // allocate memory:
      buffer = new char [iblock];

      Battery bat;

                do
      {
            recnum = recnum + 1;
            //Read into our data structure
            //is.read(buffer, iblock);

            is.read(reinterpret_cast<char *>(&bat),sizeof(Battery));

            //cout.write(buffer, iblock);

            cout<<"BAT TEMP:"<<bat.BT<<endl;
            cout<<"OVER CURRENT:"<<bat.OC<<endl;
            cout<<"BAT CURRENT UPPER:"<<bat.BCU_U<<endl;
            cout<<"BAT CURRENT LOWER:"<<bat.BCU_L<<endl;
            cout<<"OPAMP:"<<bat.COA<<endl;
            cout<<"PWM:"<<bat.PWM<<endl;
            cout<<"FU1:"<<bat.FU1<<endl;
            cout<<"POR:"<<bat.POR<<endl;
            cout<<"WDT:"<<bat.WDT<<endl;
            cout<<"BUS VOLT:"<<bat.BV<<endl;
            cout<<"BATTERY VOLTAGE:"<<bat.OBV<<endl;
            cout<<"STAVE1:"<<bat.BVS1<<endl;
            cout<<"STAVE2:"<<bat.BVS2<<endl;
            cout<<"STAVE3:"<<bat.BVS3<<endl;
            cout<<"STAVE4:"<<bat.BVS4<<endl;
            cout<<"STAVE5:"<<bat.BVS5<<endl;
            cout<<"STAVE6:"<<bat.BVS6<<endl;
            cout<<"TIME:"<<bat.ELSY2K<<endl;
            cout<<"DELTA CONSUMED:"<<bat.DC<<endl;
            cout<<"PRI BAT ON:"<<bat.PBOT<<endl;
            cout<<"SEC BAT ON:"<<bat.SBOT<<endl;
            cout<<"UNDER VOLT FAULT:"<<bat.UVFC<<endl;
            cout<<"FU2:"<<bat.FU2<<endl;
            cout<<"BAT OFF TIME:"<<bat.BOT<<endl;
            cout<<"BAT STAT:"<<bat.BS<<endl;
            cout<<"FU3:"<<bat.FU3<<endl;
            cout<<"CHECKSUM:"<<bat.CSUM<<endl;
            cout<<endl;

            ibv = bat.BV + ibv;



            cout << "\n[hit enter]";  
            cin.get();
            
            //set the pointer to this location
            icur = icur + iblock;
            is.seekg (icur, ios::beg);
            
      } while (icur<length);

      is.close();

      //cout.write (buffer,length);

      //return 0;

// give the user a chance to look things over before quitting
cout << "Total Records: " << recnum<<endl;  
cout << "Avg Bus Volt: " << ibv/recnum;
cout << "\n[hit enter]";  
cin.get();


Any help you can give is appreciated.

Thanks,

CodeYankee

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Asked On
2004-07-21 at 07:05:22ID21066250
Tags

binary

,

read

,

file

,

data

Topic

C++ Programming Language

Participating Experts
3
Points
160
Comments
7

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Answers

 

by: jaime_olivaresPosted on 2004-07-21 at 07:11:32ID: 11602783

Your char values are correct, just a presentation matter:

cout<<"BAT CURRENT UPPER:"<<bat.BCU_U<<endl;

will be better:
cout<<"BAT CURRENT UPPER:"<< ((int)(bat.BCU_U))<<endl;

This will print your char value as an integer

 

by: jaime_olivaresPosted on 2004-07-21 at 07:13:12ID: 11602805

Don't know about your structure internals but I think your "char" data are just short integers (8 bits instead 32-bit int), that's why I have suggested you to "cast" to integers when printing/displaying.

 

by: grg99Posted on 2004-07-21 at 08:34:12ID: 11603852

You might also need something like:

#pragma pack(1)

... in order to tell the compiler to pack the structure tightly.

Some if not most compilers will insert padding bytes to align each 2 or 4-byte integer to its natural alignment.

 

by: rstaveleyPosted on 2004-07-22 at 02:32:50ID: 11610492

> #pragma pack(1)

Quite so, GCC and Visual C on 32-bit systems give Battery an unpacked size of 88 bytes and packed size of 81 bytes. What is the record size in the file?

 

by: CodeYankeePosted on 2004-07-22 at 10:31:46ID: 11614540

each record is 64 bytes.

 

by: rstaveleyPosted on 2004-07-22 at 11:29:54ID: 11615142

I've not totted that up on my fingers and toes, but that sounds like you've got a struct that assumes 16-bit ints. Are you using a 16-bit compiler?

 

by: jaime_olivaresPosted on 2004-07-22 at 11:40:52ID: 11615267

>The binary file holds 496 records at 64 bytes per record
This doesn't mean that structure have 64 bytes, could be greater. Just depends on reading routine.

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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