Question

modifying a text file but replaceing strings in its lines

Asked by: SnowFlake

say I have a file c:\test.text with the following text lines:
      A B B C C D
    //B A B C E D
    //C B B B F G

and I want to change all lines to begin with a // except the line that begins with $myChar
what I need is to actually change the file itself (for later usage).

notes: the actual task would involve testing that use regular expressions.
I tried using Get-Content followed by ForEach-Object
that had multiple -replace staements in it and a Set-Content at the end but got wierd results like lines that got doubled or no changes happening at all.

how am I supposed to operate on the $_   ?
is the expression (of the forEach-Object ) expected to return an object or a string and how ?
I suppose I sould be able to make several changes to the same line of text but not sure how.
$line = $_
$line = $line -replace "A" "B"

does this even change the current line at all ?
can I (or should I) assign the result back to $_ ?

what is being passed to the next step of the pipeline ?

Eyal

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Asked On
2009-11-02 at 06:53:27ID24863762
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powershell forEach-Object replace

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Answers

 

by: peter_fieldPosted on 2009-11-06 at 16:18:33ID: 25764267

ForEach-Object will output whatever would normally be returned on the pipeline.

i.e.

echo "abc" | foreach-object { $t = $_ }

would return nothing, because assigning a variable doesn't normally return anything. To make it return something, you would have to do something like:

echo "abc" | foreach-object { $t = $_ ; $t }

Have a look at the two samples below and see if they help you at all - if you want me to adopt this for your use case, provide some more detail of what you are trying to do.

PS C:\temp> cat .\test.txt | %{ $_ = [regex]::replace($_, "C.C", "Z") ; $_ = [regex]::replace($_, "B.B", "Y") ; $_ } | out-file ./test1.txt ; cat ./test.txt ; "---" ; cat .\test1.txt
A B B C C D
//B A B C E D
//C B B B F G
---
A Y Z D
//B A B C E D
//C Y B F G 
or: 
cat .\test.txt | %{ $_.replace("C", "Z").replace("B", "Y") } | out-file ./test1.txt ; cat ./test.txt ; "---" ; cat .\test1.txt
                                              
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by: SnowFlakePosted on 2009-11-06 at 23:23:20ID: 25765299

Hi Peter,
This looks interesting,
I did not know if I was allowed to assiign to $_.
what about using -replace ?
could you tell me how to do the same only using -replace instead of [regex]::replace ?

Eyal

B.T.W  I will only be able to check if it solves my use case tomorrow when I go to work.

 

by: peter_fieldPosted on 2009-11-07 at 04:02:30ID: 25765941

It's basically the same... here it is, as well as an example on how to conditionally apply it.. Hope that helps.

PS C:\temp> cat .\test.txt | %{ $_ = $_ -replace "C.C", "Z" ; $_ = $_ -replace "B.B", "Y" ; $_ } | out-file ./test1.txt ; cat ./test.txt ; "---" ; cat .\test1.txt
A B B C C D
//B A B C E D
//C B B B F G
---
A Y Z D
//B A B C E D
//C Y B F G 

...and an example that only runs the replace on lines starting with '//': 
PS C:\temp> cat .\test.txt | %{ if ( $_ -match '^//' ) { $_ = $_ -replace "C.C", "Z" ; $_ = $_ -replace "B.B", "Y" } ; $_ } | out-file ./test1.txt ; cat ./test.txt ; "---" ; cat .\test1.txt
A B B C C D
//B A B C E D
//C B B B F G
---
A B B C C D
//B A B C E D
//C Y B F G

                                              
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by: SnowFlakePosted on 2009-11-16 at 05:22:49ID: 31648852

Thanks a lot.
sorry for the delay.

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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