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02.22.2003 at 09:50AM PST, ID: 20525179
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Convert a string to Binary & hexadecimal value

Tags: convert, string, binary
Hi all,

Is there a way to convert a string "ASCII" to its Decimal & hexadecimal value. For example
"Hello this is a test"

Hex:

48 65 6c 6c 6f 20 74 68 69 73 20 69 73 20 61 20 74 65 73 74

Binary:

01001000 01100101 01101100 01101100 01101111 00100000 01110100 01101000 01101001 01110011 00100000 01101001 01110011 00100000 01100001 00100000 01110100 01100101 01110011 01110100 00100000 01100011 01101111 01101110 01110110 01100101 01110010 01110100 01110011 00100000 01110100 01101111 00001101 00001010 00001101 00001010

Thanks all
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Question Stats
Zone: Programming
Question Asked By: BerMuDa
Solution Provided By: nietod
Participating Experts: 4
Solution Grade: A
Views: 752
Translate:
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02.22.2003 at 09:51AM PST, ID: 7999336

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02.22.2003 at 10:07AM PST, ID: 7999385

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02.22.2003 at 10:14AM PST, ID: 7999407

Rank: Sage

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02.22.2003 at 10:16AM PST, ID: 7999411

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02.22.2003 at 10:20AM PST, ID: 7999433

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02.22.2003 at 10:27AM PST, ID: 7999457

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02.22.2003 at 10:32AM PST, ID: 7999473

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02.22.2003 at 10:42AM PST, ID: 7999518

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02.22.2003 at 04:06PM PST, ID: 8000575

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02.22.2003 at 04:49PM PST, ID: 8000759

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02.22.2003 at 05:15PM PST, ID: 8000902

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02.22.2003 at 06:14PM PST, ID: 8001086

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02.22.2003 at 09:51AM PST, ID: 7999336
correction in question:

Is there a way to convert a string "ASCII" to its *Binary* & hexadecimal value.
 
02.22.2003 at 10:07AM PST, ID: 7999385

Rank: Master

where do you want to store the result

print it, store it in a string ???
 
02.22.2003 at 10:14AM PST, ID: 7999407

Rank: Sage

How about.

#include <string>
using namespace std;

string Byte2Hex(unsigned char c)
{
   const char *CnvTbl = "0123456789ABCDEF";
   string S;

   S = CnvTbl[c >> 8];
   S += CnvTbl[c & 0x0F];
   return S;
}

string Byte2Bin(unsigned char c)
{
    string S;
    unsigned char Msk = 0x80;

   for (int i = 0; i < 8; ++i)
   {
      if (c & Msk)
         S += '1';
      else
         S += '0';
      Msk >>= 1;
   }
   return S;
}

string String2Hex(const string &S)
{
   const int StrLen = S.length();
   string Result;

   for (int i = 0; i < StrLen; ++i)
       Result  += Byte2Hex((unsigned char) S[i]);
   return Result;
}

string String2Binary(const string &S)
{
   const int StrLen = S.length();
   string Result;

   for (int i = 0; i < StrLen; ++i)
       Result  += Byte2Binary(unsigned char) S[i]);
   return Result;
}

Accepted Solution
 
02.22.2003 at 10:16AM PST, ID: 7999411
char str[] = "Test string";

// Binary
for(int i = 0; i < strlen(str); ++i)
{
  for(int k = 7; k >= 0; ++k)
    cout << ((str[i] >> k) & 1);

  cout << " ";
}
cout << endl;

// Hex
cout << setf(iob_base::hex) << str << endl;
 
02.22.2003 at 10:20AM PST, ID: 7999433
tinchos, print it
 
02.22.2003 at 10:27AM PST, ID: 7999457
tinchos, print it
 
02.22.2003 at 10:32AM PST, ID: 7999473

Rank: Master

ok, apparently i wasa late, hope its solved
 
02.22.2003 at 10:42AM PST, ID: 7999518
imadjinn,

Your code looks simple and short, what do I write that in MFC.

Thanks
 
02.22.2003 at 04:06PM PST, ID: 8000575

Rank: Sage

the code is simple, but full of problems.  (although I expect there are some syntax errors in mine too)  

But 1 problem is

for(int k = 7; k >= 0; ++k)
   cout << ((str[i] >> k) & 1);

nees to be

for(int k = 7; k >= 0; --k)
   cout << ((str[i] >> k) & 1);

or you have an infinite (nearly) loop.

also that might work incorrectly on some systems.  You probalby better make sure the character is treated as unsigned, like

   cout << ((unsigned char)(str[i] >> k) & 1);

>>cout << setf(iob_base::hex) << str << endl;
is hopeless.   the hex I/O manipulator won't work on a stringj, only numbers.  You could use it in a loop that converts each byte (character) of the string to a number (unsigned character) and then print that character in hex.  Like

for (int i = 0; i < strlen(str); ++i)
   cout << hex << (unsigned char) str[i];

note also that using strlen() in the loop condition is extremely inefficient.  it makes an order N operation into an order n^2 operation.

 
02.22.2003 at 04:49PM PST, ID: 8000759
neitod,

Sorry... just early morning code :)  And yes, the strlen does add unneeded complexity to a otherwise simple function.  I thought that the

As for Bermuda, if you are using MFC you probably don't have a console window anyhow.  In that case you would need code that generates a string (or something similar) and passes it back to a function to be output in a message box or to set some window text to.  Nietod's code will work for this, and should be fairly easy to add to you app.
 
02.22.2003 at 05:15PM PST, ID: 8000902
Here are some nrealy fully tested and debuged functions, i used them myself for a converted program. But i did have to remove some logic that prevented it from converting '\r' and '\n'. Thou it uses sprintf so it will required stdio.h.

they both return a newly allocated string and free the supplied one (thou thats easy to change). so you can do whatever needs doing with the returned string

char *StrToHexStr(char *str) {
    char *newstr = new char[(strlen(str)*2)+1];
    char *cpold  = str;
    char *cpnew  = newstr;

    while('\0' != *cpold) {
            sprintf(cpnew, "%02X", (char)(*cpold++));
            cpnew+=2;
    }
    *(cpnew) = '\0';

    delete [] str;
    return(newstr);
}

char *StrToBinStr(char *str) {
    char *newstr = new[strlen(str)*8)+1];
    char *cpold  = str;
    char *cpnew  = newstr;
   
    while('\0' != *cpold) {
            char mask = (char)0x80;
            int  i;
           
            for( i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
                if((*cpold & mask) == 0) {
                    *(cpnew++) = '0';
                } else {
                    *(cpnew++) = '1';
                }

                mask = mask >> 1;

                //the right shift isn't always defined
                //so we must make sure the new MSB is 0 ourselves
                mask = mask & 0x7F;
            }
            cpold++;
    }
    *(cpnew) = '\0';

    delete [] str;
    return(newstr);

}
 
02.22.2003 at 06:14PM PST, ID: 8001086

Rank: Sage

using dynamic memory allocation for this is risky.  It requirs that the client pass a pointer to the start of a dynamcially allocated string, remember that the string is deleted by the function and thus any pointer that remains to the string is no longer valid, and remember to delete the strign that is returned from the function.  That is a lot of room for mistakes!  Why not use string classes that gaurantees that these sorts of mistakes are completely impossible.  They make the code nearly idiot proof.

>>  sprintf(cpnew, "%02X", (char)(*cpold++));
since cpold is defined to be a pointer to a character, there is no need to use that cast.  However on some platforms that will produce incorrect results.  You want to make sure that the character is treated as unsigned so you do need a cast, but to unsigned character.

 sprintf(cpnew, "%02X", (unsigned char)(*cpold++));

>> //the right shift isn't always defined
>> //so we must make sure the new MSB is 0 ourselves
>> mask = mask & 0x7F;
The exact behavior of the right shift is explicitly defined for an unsigned chracter.  (its implimentation defined for signed characters).  You should note that is why I used unsigned characters in my code.
 
 
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