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02.14.2008 at 06:08PM PST, ID: 23164993
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What is the difference between bash, tcsh, and others.  How do you know when to use what?

Tags: GNU, Linux
What is the difference between bash, tcsh, and others.  How do you know when to use what?

and when I do a "man", how do I specify which one it is for.  How do I list all the "man" pages for each shell?  And lastly, how do I do a search for all and within all "man" pages?
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Question Stats
Zone: Programming
Question Asked By: VWrestle97
Solution Provided By: Tintin
Participating Experts: 4
Solution Grade: A
Views: 14
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02.14.2008 at 08:04PM PST, ID: 20899299

Rank: Wizard

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02.15.2008 at 07:15AM PST, ID: 20902422

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02.16.2008 at 07:14AM PST, ID: 20909809

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02.26.2008 at 11:23PM PST, ID: 20992021

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02.27.2008 at 12:46AM PST, ID: 20992337

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02.27.2008 at 07:59AM PST, ID: 20995028

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02.27.2008 at 10:17AM PST, ID: 20996715

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02.27.2008 at 10:29AM PST, ID: 20996829

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02.14.2008 at 08:04PM PST, ID: 20899299

Rank: Wizard

You can break down all the shells into two main groups

1.  sh, ksh, bash, zsh
2.  csh, tcsh

The syntax for scripting varies significantly between the two main groups

As for which one you use, it depends on:

1.  Which one (if any) you are familiar/comfortable with
2.  How portable you want the script to be.  The most portable shell for scripting is bourne shell (sh) as it is available on all Unix systems.

If you are starting off, and you are using cygwin/Linux, I'd recommend you use bash for both your command shell and for scripting.  bash (and ksh) are a superset of bourne shell.

To see the man page for each shell, just do

man bash
man tcsh
etc

To do a search of man pages, you can do

apropos  keyword
Accepted Solution
 
02.15.2008 at 07:15AM PST, ID: 20902422

Rank: Master

Hello VWrestle97,

You might want to take a look at this: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_computer_shells
It compares various computer shells.


Regards,

PeturIngiEgilsson
Assisted Solution
 
02.16.2008 at 07:14AM PST, ID: 20909809
Just use bash... :-)
The man pages are not different for system commands, but for shell commands/ estensions which, however, are presented in a sigle man page (for example man bash).
Assisted Solution
 
02.26.2008 at 11:23PM PST, ID: 20992021
If I wanted to see all system commands, which man command would I use?
 
02.27.2008 at 12:46AM PST, ID: 20992337

Rank: Wizard

There's no man page that lists all the commands.  You can do a search with

man -k keyword
Assisted Solution
 
02.27.2008 at 07:59AM PST, ID: 20995028

Rank: Guru

I know it might not be convenient way, but most commands are in /usr/bin

So you may

cd /usr/bin

and

ls

and pick name e.g. ls and run

man ls

Other wise you look for unix commands reference. here some links:

http://unixhelp.ed.ac.uk/
http://www.cgi101.com/help/unixhelp.html
http://www.indiana.edu/~uitspubs/b017/
Assisted Solution
 
02.27.2008 at 10:17AM PST, ID: 20996715
would the commands in http://www.indiana.edu/~uitspubs/b017/
qualify as system commands?  I am assuming this because it doesn't refer to a specific shell.  Am I correct?  Are there system commands available other than what is shown on that site?  What defines a system command?
 
02.27.2008 at 10:29AM PST, ID: 20996829

Rank: Guru

there are two types of commands: internal and external

internal refers to commands that the shell will call a sub routine of it like cd command
external refers to programs that shell run to do something like ls command

As I said before, you need to see your system commands reference guide and documentation.

Also, any program or script you develop is a command in a way.

Assisted Solution
 
 
02.27.2008 at 10:50AM PST, ID: 20997048
Internal commands are actually known as shell builtins.

If your shell is ksh or bash, you can do

type command

and it will tell you if is an external command, builtin, function or an alias.
 
 
02.27.2008 at 10:55AM PST, ID: 20997104
You could use commands like

which and whereis to know the location of command file
 
 
02.27.2008 at 11:59AM PST, ID: 20997745
the type <arg> and whereis <arg> commands are very helpful, thank you.

I tried "man -k print " and others to search for commands I can use but it always returns "<keyword>: nothing appropriate"

What am I doing wrong?
 
 
02.27.2008 at 02:33PM PST, ID: 20999184
Doing  

man -k

or

appros

will only work if the man keyword database has been generated.  This can be done by the root user by doing

catman -w
 
 
02.29.2008 at 10:34PM PST, ID: 21020299
I don't think Cygwin has "catman -w" because I couldn't find it in /usr/bin and when I tried
"catman -w search" and "catman -w info", it outputs "bash: catman: command not found"

What am I doing wrong?

 
 
 
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