Question

Init.d script to start shell scripts

Asked by: anoyes

I have a shell script that I need to be sure runs when my server starts up.  My thought was to write a little init.d script that would just launch the script.  It seems to work OK, but I was just looking to get some input and see if what I've done is "right" or "wrong" or if there's a better way to do it.  I've attached the init script below.  {%path%} gets replaced by the actual path to the script by my deploy script.

#!/bin/bash
#
# chkconfig: 2345 85 15
# description: init script
 
# Loads up the queue processing scripts when the server starts
 
cd {%path%}
exec sh ./worker-dashboard-queue.sh

                                  
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Asked On
2009-07-28 at 10:54:10ID24607091
Tags

shell

,

init.d

,

linux

Topics

Linux Programming

,

Bourne Shell (sh)

,

CentOS

Participating Experts
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Answers

 

by: _jesper_Posted on 2009-07-28 at 11:45:40ID: 24963651

Why don't you just put the contents of worker-dashboard-queue.sh in this init script instead of calling it separately?

It would also help to view the script to determine whether any checks and balances have been performed in case of missing files, directories or if for some reason, the script doesn't run.

 

by: guardsman85Posted on 2009-07-28 at 12:00:56ID: 24963811

You could use /etc/rc.local to call your script.  I think this only works if you're starting in a multi-user run level.  Also, this may only be on Debian-based distros.  I think Fedora has something similar (if not the same thing).  I'm not sure about the other flavors.

 

by: anoyesPosted on 2009-07-28 at 12:40:47ID: 24964355

Attached worker-dashboard-queue.sh below.  The idea is that eventually it will be more than just that one script that will get run, so I figured that for the sake of simplicity and ease of changes I'd keep it more modularized.

The real heavy lifting is done w/ PHP; all that the shell script is doing is running the PHP script over and over, waiting for it to exit each time.

Eventually, I'd like to turn it into an actual daemon process (my understanding is I need to write a little C program?), but in the meantime I thought this might be the easiest solution.  Open to suggestions tho.

#!/bin/sh
# Based on script at http://www.topbit.co.uk/serendipity/archives/22-Doing-the-work-elsewhere-Sidebar-running-the-worker.html
 
PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/apache2/php/bin
export PATH
 
nice php ./dashboard-queue.php
ERR=$?
 
## Possibilities
# 97    - planned pause/restart
# 98    - planned restart
# 99    - planned stop, exit.
# 0     - unplanned restart (as returned by "exit;")
#       - Anything else is also unplanned paused/restart
 
if [ $ERR -eq 97 ]
then
   # a planned pause, then restart
   sleep 1;
   exec $0 $@;
fi
 
if [ $ERR -eq 98 ]
then
   # a planned restart - instantly
   exec $0 $@;
fi
 
if [ $ERR -eq 99 ]
then
   # planned complete exit
   exit 0;
fi
 
# unplanned exit, pause, and restart
sleep 1
 
exec $0 $@

                                              
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by: _jesper_Posted on 2009-07-28 at 13:02:21ID: 24964589

Nice.  Good to capture error conditions.  You might also want to fold in a piece about sending email to an admin to advise of a stopped state.  Don't exec it -- build it into the init script.

 

by: KeremEPosted on 2009-07-28 at 13:07:59ID: 24964650

Hi,

To run a script like that first of all you need to execute these commands:

chkconfig --add new_init_script
then when you execute

chkconfig --list  new_init_script you should see:

new_init_script          0:off   1:off   2:on   3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

you could consider running it through rc.local too but this way you have better control and yu could watch it duirng initialization.

You could add Red-Hat style system controls staff and process status controls like these:

now it will be run when the system starts.

To run it immediately you'd eed to start ing:

service new_init_Script start

#!/bin/bash
#
# chkconfig: 2345 85 15
# description: init script
 
# Loads up the queue processing scripts when the server starts
# This will add red hat style controls  
. /etc/init.d/functions
 
 
 
start ()
{ 
        echo -n $"Starting new_init_script: "
        cd {%path%}
        exec sh ./worker-dashboard-queue.sh 
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/new_init_script;
        return $RETVAL
 
touch /var/lock/subsys/new_init_script
}
 
stop ()
{
        echo -n $"Stoping new_init_script: "
        killall process_name 
        RETVAL=$?
        echo
        [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/new_init_script;
        return $RETVAL
}
 
case "$1" in
  start)
        start
        ;;
  stop)
        stop
        ;;  
  restart)
        stop
        start
        ;;
 
        ;;
  *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart}"
        exit 1
esac
                                              
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by: anoyesPosted on 2009-07-28 at 13:08:39ID: 24964658

So would I just set up a similar wrapper in the init script to check for exit codes, and see if it's 0 (or anything that I don't want it to be) and if so then do the e-mail?

This may be a separate question, but we're monitoring services with Monit - any idea if there's any way to monitor the script to make sure it's always running?

@guardsman - is there a benefit to launching it using rc.local as opposed to init.d?

 

by: anoyesPosted on 2009-07-28 at 13:13:19ID: 24964700

Sorry KeremE, you posted as I was replying - didn't see it.  That script looks pretty excellent; I'll give it a shot.

Going back to what I just posted about about monitoring with Monit - that /var/lock/subsys/new_init_script - is that a PID file for the script?

 

by: KeremEPosted on 2009-07-28 at 13:35:38ID: 24964936

No problem.

The trick ehere is you're including RedHAT stye functions by the inclusion of functions.

RETVAL variable is what is checked to print [OK] or [failed]

/var/lock/subsys/new_init_script is a file and it is created to let RedHAT know that the service is running. As you see it was created with touch.

BTW new_init_script represents the name of the service oyu've designate. Please replace all instances with the name you think that fits.

once addes with chkconfig you can use

service new_init_script start and stop

to see what does it output.

Cheers,
K.
 

 

by: guardsman85Posted on 2009-07-28 at 13:50:18ID: 24965076

"is there a benefit to launching it using rc.local as opposed to init.d?"

The whole purpose of rc.local is to run scripts you need executed at startup.  I think I like it because it's simple.  :)  Technically speaking init.d is what causes rc.local to run.  Each run level has an rc file which lists the scripts to start or kill.  Like so many things on *nix machines, there are several ways to do it.  It really just boils down to preference.

 

by: TintinPosted on 2009-07-28 at 13:55:14ID: 24965099

KeremE, your example needs to have the exec removed, otherwise it won't complete, ie: line 16 should be

sh ./worker-dashboard-queue.sh

 

by: anoyesPosted on 2009-07-28 at 15:32:39ID: 24965818

KeremE, your script seems to be working pretty well, although I had to remove the ;; on line 47...typo?  Also applied Tintin's fix.  There is just one problem I'm having tho.

The entire purpose of these scripts is to watch a queue server (Beanstalk) waiting for a job, then run that job.  So the PHP script that gets exectuted "hangs" if you will until a job is available, and exits after it has finished the job.  So if at the command like I execute "service new_init_script start" it just chills at "Starting new_init_script:".  I'm assuming that's because worker-dashboard-queue.sh doesn't actually exit, it just keeps looping and executing that php script.  So the question is, is there a way to determine that worker-dashboard-queue.sh has run successfully, without exiting it? Or a way to exit it while still looping that PHP script?

I'm gonna bump the points up too since the question's gotten more in depth than I originally thought.

 

by: KeremEPosted on 2009-07-28 at 15:37:45ID: 24965859

Yeah I'd noticed it also but you were faster then me : )  ther2s  typo at line 47.

I'm lloking int the issue you're mentioned too..

 

by: anoyesPosted on 2009-07-31 at 09:32:31ID: 24990367

KeremE, any luck?  I think the fact that it's hanging is causing problems with the rest of the boot process; Apache and Webmin need to be manually started.  There may be other things that don't start too, but I haven't noticed.

 

by: anoyesPosted on 2009-08-10 at 18:22:47ID: 25065542

Nevermind, ended up using the PEAR System_Daemon library to daemonize my PHP scripts directly.  Points to everyone for helping tho.

For reference:

http://kevin.vanzonneveld.net/techblog/article/create_daemons_in_php/
http://pear.php.net/package/System_Daemon

 

by: anoyesPosted on 2009-08-10 at 18:25:51ID: 31608877

hope i got everyone fairly...thanks for your help

20120131-EE-VQP-002

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