Question

How to get a list of physical drives using Win32 API

Asked by: Metacrawler

Hello Community,

I'm looking for a way to enumerate all physical drives in the system in order to disable the write cache for fixed disks afterwards. Can anyone provide a working snippet of C code doing that task?

I prefer using plain Win32 functions without any WMI stuff ;-)

Thank you in advance!

Metacrawler

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Asked On
2009-08-12 at 01:39:29ID24645758
Tags

physical drive

,

disk

,

win32

Topics

Windows Programming

,

Microsoft Visual C++

,

Microsoft Visual C++.Net

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Answers

 

by: gtworekPosted on 2009-08-12 at 01:50:27ID: 25076769

 

by: MetacrawlerPosted on 2009-08-12 at 02:29:02ID: 25076977

Hello gtworek,

thank you for your reply. I agree that your way is a good way to enumerate volumes, but you cannot enumerate physical drives that way.

Meanwhile I found a solution to my problem. It uses the Setup API. See attached code.

Greetings,
Metacrawler

list<wstring> GetPhysicalDisks()
{
	HDEVINFO hDeviceInfoSet;
	ULONG ulMemberIndex;
	ULONG ulErrorCode;
	BOOL bFound = FALSE;
	BOOL bOk;
	list<wstring> disks;
 
	// create a HDEVINFO with all present devices
	hDeviceInfoSet = ::SetupDiGetClassDevs(&GUID_DEVINTERFACE_DISK, NULL, NULL, DIGCF_PRESENT | DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);
	if (hDeviceInfoSet == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
		_ASSERT(FALSE);
		return disks;
	}
 
	// enumerate through all devices in the set
	ulMemberIndex = 0;
	while (TRUE)
	{
		// get device info
		SP_DEVINFO_DATA deviceInfoData;
		deviceInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
		if (!::SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(hDeviceInfoSet, ulMemberIndex, &deviceInfoData))
		{
			if (::GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS) {
				// ok, reached end of the device enumeration
				break;
			} else {
				// error
				_ASSERT(FALSE);
				::SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDeviceInfoSet);
				return disks;
			}
		}
	
		// get device interfaces
		SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA deviceInterfaceData;
		deviceInterfaceData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA);
		if (!::SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(hDeviceInfoSet, NULL, &GUID_DEVINTERFACE_DISK, ulMemberIndex, &deviceInterfaceData))
		{
			if (::GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS) {
				// ok, reached end of the device enumeration
				break;
			} else {
				// error
				_ASSERT(FALSE);
				::SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDeviceInfoSet);
				return disks;
			}
		}
		
		// process the next device next time 
		ulMemberIndex++;
 
		// get hardware id of the device
		ULONG ulPropertyRegDataType = 0;
		ULONG ulRequiredSize = 0;
		ULONG ulBufferSize = 0;
		BYTE *pbyBuffer = NULL;
		if (!::SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDeviceInfoSet, &deviceInfoData, SPDRP_HARDWAREID, &ulPropertyRegDataType, NULL, 0, &ulRequiredSize))
		{
			if (::GetLastError() == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {
				pbyBuffer = (BYTE *)::malloc(ulRequiredSize);
				ulBufferSize = ulRequiredSize;
				if (!::SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryProperty(hDeviceInfoSet, &deviceInfoData, SPDRP_HARDWAREID, &ulPropertyRegDataType, pbyBuffer, ulBufferSize, &ulRequiredSize))
				{
					// getting the hardware id failed
					_ASSERT(FALSE);
					::SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDeviceInfoSet);
					::free(pbyBuffer);
					return disks;
				}
			} else {
				// getting device registry property failed
				_ASSERT(FALSE);
				::SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDeviceInfoSet);
				return disks;
			}
		} else {
			// getting hardware id of the device succeeded unexpectedly
			_ASSERT(FALSE);
			::SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDeviceInfoSet);
			return disks;
		}
		
		// pbyBuffer is initialized now!
		LPCWSTR pszHardwareId = (LPCWSTR )pbyBuffer;
		
		// retrieve detailed information about the device
		// (especially the device path which is needed to create the device object)
		SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA *pDeviceInterfaceDetailData = NULL;
		ULONG ulDeviceInterfaceDetailDataSize = 0;
		ulRequiredSize = 0;
		bOk = ::SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hDeviceInfoSet, &deviceInterfaceData, pDeviceInterfaceDetailData, ulDeviceInterfaceDetailDataSize, &ulRequiredSize, NULL);
		if (!bOk)
		{
			ulErrorCode = ::GetLastError();
			if (ulErrorCode == ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {
				// insufficient buffer space
				// => that's ok, allocate enough space and try again
				pDeviceInterfaceDetailData = (SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA *)::malloc(ulRequiredSize);
				pDeviceInterfaceDetailData->cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA);
				ulDeviceInterfaceDetailDataSize = ulRequiredSize;
				deviceInfoData.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
				bOk = ::SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetail(hDeviceInfoSet, &deviceInterfaceData, pDeviceInterfaceDetailData, ulDeviceInterfaceDetailDataSize, &ulRequiredSize, &deviceInfoData);
				ulErrorCode = ::GetLastError();
			}
 
			if (!bOk) {
				// retrieving detailed information about the device failed
				_ASSERT(FALSE);
				::free(pbyBuffer);
				::free(pDeviceInterfaceDetailData);
				::SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDeviceInfoSet);
				return disks;
			}
		} else {
			// retrieving detailed information about the device succeeded unexpectedly
			_ASSERT(FALSE);
			::free(pbyBuffer);
			::SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDeviceInfoSet);
			return disks;
		}
 
		disks.push_back(pDeviceInterfaceDetailData->DevicePath);
 
		// free buffer for device interface details
		::free(pDeviceInterfaceDetailData);
 
		// free buffer
		::free(pbyBuffer);
	}
 
	// destroy device info list
	::SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(hDeviceInfoSet);
	
	return disks;
}

                                              
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