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Do/While Loop (C++) Question

I'm having a hard time trying to get my program to repeat. Here is the code for my program:

/The header file iostream is included in any program that uses the cout object.
#include <iostream>

//Header file required for the string class.
#include <iomanip>

//Header file needed for pow functions
#include <cmath>

//Header file needed for getch()
#include <conio.h>

//The statement using namespace std; declares that the program will be accessing
//entities whose names are part of the namespace called std.
using namespace std;

//This marks the beginning of the function
int main()

//The bracket indicates the beginning of the function main.
{

//declare variables
float loan;
float rate;
float years;
float balance;
float term;
float payment;
char again;

//Display program header
cout << "\t\t***************************************\n";
cout << "\t\t** Mortgage Calculator **\n";
cout << "\t\t***************************************\n";
cout << "\n";
cout << "\n";

//User inputs loan information
cout << "Loan amount: $";
cin >> loan;
cout << "Annual Interest Rate(ex. 0.0575):";
cin >> rate;
cout << "Years of Loan: ";
cin >> years;

//Equation for monthly payment
term = pow((1+rate / 12.0), 12.0 * years);
payment = (loan * rate / 12.0 * term) / (term - 1.0);

//Display monthly payment
cout.precision(2);
cout.setf(ios::fixed | ios::showpoint | ios::left);
cout <<"Monthly payment: $" <<payment <<endl;

//Display report header
cout << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"Month";
cout << setw(10) <<"Interest";
cout << setw(10) <<"Principal";
cout << setw(10) <<"Balance" << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"---------------------------------------\n";

//Produce a listing for each month
balance = loan;
for (int month=1; month< month + 1; month++)
{
float minterest, principal;

{
if (balance > 0)

{
//Calculate monthly interest
minterest = rate / 12 * balance;
principal = payment - minterest;
balance -= principal;
if (balance < 0)
balance = 0;

//Display payment amounts
cout << setw(10) << (month);
cout << setw(10) << minterest;
cout << setw(10) << principal;
cout << setw(10) << balance << endl;

// pause output every twelve lines, except for the final output
if (month % 12 == 0 && month % (int)term != 0)
{
system("pause");
}
}
}
}
}

I have tried to enter a loop to get the program to repeat after it has run through it's calculation. But I have been unable to get the program to repeat. What am I doing wrong?

lgawlik

You actually have defined an infinite loop. Congratulations! We have all done it before.

With your for loop defined as follows, you never break out of your loop.

for (int month=1; month < month + 1; month++)

I suspect you wanted something like

int totalMonths = years * 12; // calc the total number of payments assuming 12 months per year
for (int month = 1; month < totalMonths; month++)

LGawlik

doraiswamy

to add to LGawlik and correct him a bit:

in the FOR loop, you are testing for
month < month +1.
However since the variable 'month' is an int, it is in the range
-2147483648 to +2147483648.
In the 'for' loop, month will increment from 1 onwards till 2147483648.
When you try to compare month with month + 1 when it has a value +2147483648, it will essentially compare +2147483648 with 0, and the for condition will terminate.

Further, in LGawlik's for loop the condition to check should be
month <= totalMonths

Please clarify whether you want the entire program to repeat or just the 'for' loop.
If you want the entire program to repeat, then make the existing program into a function called 'calcint' and call it from main like this:

int main()
{
char resp;

while(1)
{
cout << "Do you want to continue? (Y/N)? "
cin >> resp;
if toupper(resp) == 'Y'
{
calcint();
}
else
{
cout >> "OK! I am quitting";
break;
}
}
return 0;
}

cristina1

ASKER

Doraiswamy,

Thanks for the help! I'm trying to have the entire program loop to allow a user to input a new set of mortgage numbers. The problem I'm having is where in the code to input the loop.

lgawlik

Ok, you're correct. Not an infinite loop; just a very large loop! ;)
I'd certainly hate to have a mortgage with 2^31 payments.

doraiswamy's suggested solution should give you the results you desire.

cristina1

ASKER

I put the suggested changes into the code. I'm receiving several errors with this code. Please be patient with me I'm new to C++. My just happy I got the code to compile and produce something. What I want it to do is ask for the users input, print the results a year at a time and then ask if the user wants to input another mortgage or quit. I have everything except the loop back. It seems easy but I'm missing something. Here's the code:

//Code Begins//
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
#include <conio.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{

float loan;
float rate;
float years;
float balance;
float term;
float payment;
char again;

while(1)
            {
            cout << "Do you want to continue? (Y/N)? "
           cin >> resp;
           if toupper(resp) == 'Y'

{
      calcint();
      }
      else
            {
            cout >> "OK! I am quitting";
            break;
            }
      }

cout << "\t\t***************************************\n";
cout << "\t\t** Mortgage Calculator **\n";
cout << "\t\t***************************************\n";
cout << "\n";
cout << "\n";

cout << "Loan amount: $";
cin >> loan;
cout << "Annual Interest Rate(ex. 0.0575):";
cin >> rate;
cout << "Years of Loan: ";
cin >> years;

term = pow((1+rate / 12.0), 12.0 * years);
payment = (loan * rate / 12.0 * term) / (term - 1.0);

cout.precision(2);
cout.setf(ios::fixed | ios::showpoint | ios::left);
cout <<"Monthly payment: $" <<payment <<endl;

cout << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"Month";
cout << setw(10) <<"Interest";
cout << setw(10) <<"Principal";
cout << setw(10) <<"Balance" << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"---------------------------------------\n";

balance = loan;
int totalMonths = years * 12; // calc the total number of payments assuming 12 months per year
for (int month = 1; month=<totalMonths; month++)
{
float minterest, principal;

{
if (balance > 0)

{
minterest = rate / 12 * balance;
principal = payment - minterest;
balance -= principal;
if (balance < 0)
balance = 0;

cout << setw(10) << (month);
cout << setw(10) << minterest;
cout << setw(10) << principal;
cout << setw(10) << balance << endl;

if (month % 12 == 0 && month % (int)term != 0)
{
system("pause");
}
}
}
}
}

lgawlik

As mentioned before, break your code down.
Since this appears to be a type of homework assignment many of us have done, I won't give you a complete answer, but the following should give you a pretty good clue.

// check your include statements
// they appear to have been incomplete
#include <iostream.h>
#include <iomanip.h>
#include <cmath.h>
#include <conio.h>

// define the mortCalc
// this function will prompt the user for input
// and provide the mortgage calculation details
void mortCalc() {
... // you add the details here
}

// definition of the main function
// process until the user decides to quit
void main() {
char resp;
// continue looping until the user quits
while(1) {
// show the calc screen and process data entered
mortCalc();
cout << "Do you want to continue? (Y/N)? ";
cin >> resp;
// determine if the loop should end
if toupper(resp) != 'Y' {
cout >> "OK! I am quitting";
//break out of the loop
break;
}
}
}

cristina1

ASKER

#include <string>

lgawlik

To correct myself, the includes were correct
#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
#include <conio.h>
using namespace std;

I've also noted your for loop isn't properly defined

for (int month = 1; month=<totalMonths; month++) // this is syntactically incorrect

for (int month = 1; month<=totalMonths; month++) // this is correct

=< isn't an operator in C++
<= is an operator in C++

lgawlik

Another code correction

cout >> "OK! I am quitting"; // this is incorrect

cout << "OK! I am quitting"; // this is correct

lgawlik

Also note, when declaring your calculation variables it is a good idea to initialize them to 0.

float loan = 0;
float rate = 0;
float years = 0;
float balance = 0;
float term = 0;
float payment = 0;
int totalMonths = 0;

cristina1

ASKER

Thanks for the help. I think I have a good version of the program.

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
#include <conio.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{

float loan = 0;
float rate = 0;
float years = 0;
float balance = 0;
float term = 0;
float payment = 0;
int totalMonths = 0;

cout << "\t\t***************************************\n";
cout << "\t\t** Mortgage Calculator **\n";
cout << "\t\t***************************************\n";
cout << "\n";
cout << "\n";

cout << "Loan amount: $";
cin >> loan;
cout << "Annual Interest Rate(ex. 0.0575):";
cin >> rate;
cout << "Years of Loan: ";
cin >> years;

term = pow((1+rate / 12.0), 12.0 * years);
payment = (loan * rate / 12.0 * term) / (term - 1.0);

cout.precision(2);
cout.setf(ios::fixed | ios::showpoint | ios::left);
cout <<"Monthly payment: $" <<payment <<endl;

cout << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"Month";
cout << setw(10) <<"Interest";
cout << setw(10) <<"Principal";
cout << setw(10) <<"Balance" << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"---------------------------------------\n";

balance = loan;
int totalMonths = years * 12; // calc the total number of payments assuming 12 months per year
for (int month = 1; month<=totalMonths; month++)
{
float minterest, principal;

{
if (balance > 0)

{
minterest = rate / 12 * balance;
principal = payment - minterest;
balance -= principal;
if (balance < 0)
balance = 0;

cout << setw(10) << (month);
cout << setw(10) << minterest;
cout << setw(10) << principal;
cout << setw(10) << balance << endl;

if (month % 12 == 0 && month % (int)term != 0)
{
void main() {
Char again;
while(1)
            {
mortCalc();
            cout << "Do you want to continue? (Y/N)? "
           cin >> again;
           if toupper(again) == 'Y'

{
      calcint();
      }
      else
            {
            cout << "OK! I am quitting";
            break;
            }
      }

system("pause");
}
}
}
}
}

lgawlik

I see a few problems here.

In the code you've provided, you haven't defined a mortCalc function. Instead you have two main functions defined, one with return type void and one with return type int.

Your file should like similar to the code below. The meat of your program (the user interface and calculations) should be in your mortCalc function. The loop that asks the user to continue is defined in the main function.

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
#include <conio.h>

using namespace std;

// define your mortCalc function
void mortCalc() {
float loan = 0;
float rate = 0;
// *****************
// all your other code here
// *****************
if (month % 12 == 0 && month % (int)term != 0) {
system("pause");
}
}
}
} // end of the mortCalc function

// definition of the main function
// process until the user decides to quit
void main() {
char resp;
// continue looping until the user quits
while(1) {
// show the calc screen and process data entered
mortCalc();
cout << "Do you want to continue? (Y/N)? ";
cin >> resp;
// determine if the loop should end
if (toupper(resp) != 'Y') {
cout << "OK! I am quitting";
//break out of the loop
break;
}
}
} // end of the main function

cristina1

ASKER

lgawlik,

Well the entire program works except for the loop. The program currently is stuck within the first iteration of the program. I have changed the loop to reflect the users ability to loop from the beginning of the program. Here's what I have:

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
#include <conio.h>

using namespace std;

int main()

{

//declare variables
float loan =0;
float rate =0;
float years =0;
float balance =0;
float term =0;
float payment =0;
char again;
do
{
//Display program header
cout << "\t\t***************************************\n";
cout << "\t\t** Mortgage Calculator **\n";
cout << "\t\t***************************************\n";
cout << "\n";
cout << "\n";

//User inputs loan information
cout << "Loan amount: $";
cin >> loan;
cout << "Annual Interest Rate(input % in decimal format):";
cin >> rate;
cout << "Years of Loan: ";
cin >> years;

//Equation for monthly payment
term = pow((1+rate / 12.0), 12.0 * years);
payment = (loan * rate / 12.0 * term) / (term - 1.0);

//Display monthly payment
cout.precision(2);
cout.setf(ios::fixed | ios::showpoint | ios::left);
cout <<"Monthly payment: $" <<payment <<endl;

//Display report header
cout << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"Month";
cout << setw(10) <<"Interest";
cout << setw(10) <<"Principal";
cout << setw(10) <<"Balance" << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"---------------------------------------\n";

//Produce a listing for each month
balance = loan;
for (int month=1; month<month + 1; month++)
{
float minterest, principal;

if (balance > 0)

{
//Calculate monthly interest
minterest = rate / 12 * balance;
principal = payment - minterest;
balance -= principal;
if (balance < 0)
balance = 0;

//Display payment amounts
cout << setw(10) << (month);
cout << setw(10) << minterest;
cout << setw(10) << principal;
cout << setw(10) << balance << endl;
}
// pause output every twelve lines, except for the final output
if (month % 12 == 0 && month % (int)term != 0)
{
cout << "\nPress any key to continue . . .\n";
//program flow stops here until a key is pressed on the keyboard
getch();

//Clear output screen
system("cls");

//Re-display report header
cout << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"Month";
cout << setw(10) <<"Interest";
cout << setw(10) <<"Principal";
cout << setw(10) <<"Balance" << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"-------------------------------------\n";
}
}

do
{
cout << "Would you like to calculate another mortgage (Y/N):";
cin >> again;
cout << '\n';
}

while ((again != 'n') && (again != 'N') && (again != 'y') &&
(again != 'Y'));

}

while ((again != 'n') && (again != 'N'));
}

lgawlik

Ok. I understand you are learning C++, but the structure of your program is changing each time you post a response.

The problems you are experiencing this time are based on how you are structuring your loops and old code we've already discussed as being incorrect (ie. month < month + 1).

With the code you've provided this time you should structure your program like this;

int main
{
// declare variables here
// float loan; ...
do { // outside loop to determine if user want to continue
// initialize variables here
// loan = 0; ...

// insert your mortgage calculator code here

do { // inside loop to get user input about continuing
// insert your code to ask if the user wants to continue here
} while ((toupper(again) != 'N') && (toupper(again) != 'Y')); // end inside loop

} while (toupper(again) != 'N'); // end outside loop
} // end main

cristina1

ASKER

Thanks,

I know it has changed a few times. I have been trying to experiment with various loop structures. The problem is the program listed above (all of them) will let me run the initial program but not break out of the loop. I beleive I have all the required code, but it is not placed correctly. When I move the inner loop to:

// pause output every twelve lines, except for the final output
if (month % 12 == 0 && month % (int)term != 0)
{
cout << "\nPress any key to continue . . .\n";
//program flow stops here until a key is pressed on the keyboard
getch();

//Clear output screen
system("cls");
do
{

The program runs and then continues to run the "Press any key to continue ". So I tried to move the loop further up the code, then the code does not work. I move the loop after the desired output:

//Re-display report header
cout << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"Month";
cout << setw(10) <<"Interest";
cout << setw(10) <<"Principal";
cout << setw(10) <<"Balance" << endl;
cout << setw(10) <<"-------------------------------------\n";
}
}

Same results as before. I'm trying to learn what I'm doing wrong. Believe me, it has been many long nights. Thanks for your patience!

ASKER CERTIFIED SOLUTION

lgawlik

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lgawlik

My hint above about "divide by zero" also applies to "modulo by zero" as well!
If you copy and paste the code above, take a close look at line 72! While you don't have a problem using realistic values, see what happens if you enter the following:

Loan amount: 30000
Interest: 12 (not .12)
Years of Loan: 30

cristina1

ASKER

lgawlik,

Ok, I think I almost have it! I have added "int totalMonths = 12", and I changed the totalMonths portion of the if statement. The program takes the users input and provides a 12 month break out of the mortgage, not the complete mortgage. It then asks me the loop[ question (Do you want to do this again?). I realize the "int totalMonth =12" is the reason why it is only print 12 payments. However, I'm trying to figure out how to change the variable so it prints out the entire mortgage. I tried the following variable with no success:

int totalMonths = 12 * years

Thank you again for your patience.

cristina1

ASKER

I did it!!!!! I finally figured out what I was doing wrong.

I had to declare the following variables:

int month = 12
int totalMonths = 0

and then...

I added

totalMonths = years * month

It compiled and did everything it was suppose to do!!!!

Thank you for your time and patience.