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WTarlton

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Keyboard hook won't work without a form?

Im trying to write a service which uses a keyboard hook. When I do a test application which has a form it works great. When I implemented it into my service it doesn't seem to recognize when a key is pressed. Does anybody have any ideas why? Here is the low level hook code which is pretty much standard on the net:

Public Class clsKeyboardHook
    Implements IDisposable
    'Works only on Windows NT, version 4.0 SP3 and later

    Private Declare Function UnhookWindowsHookEx Lib "user32" _
      (ByVal hHook As Integer) As Integer

    Private Declare Function SetWindowsHookEx Lib "user32" _
      Alias "SetWindowsHookExA" (ByVal idHook As Integer, _
      ByVal lpfn As KeyboardHookDelegate, ByVal hmod As Integer, _
      ByVal dwThreadId As Integer) As Integer

    Private Declare Function GetAsyncKeyState Lib "user32" _
      (ByVal vKey As Integer) As Integer

    Private Declare Function CallNextHookEx Lib "user32" _
      (ByVal hHook As Integer, _
      ByVal nCode As Integer, _
      ByVal wParam As Integer, _
      ByVal lParam As KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT) As Integer

    Private Structure KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT
        Public vkCode As Integer
        Public scanCode As Integer
        Public flags As Integer
        Public time As Integer
        Public dwExtraInfo As Integer
    End Structure

    ' Low-Level Keyboard Constants
    Private Const HC_ACTION As Integer = 0
    Private Const LLKHF_EXTENDED As Integer = &H1
    Private Const LLKHF_INJECTED As Integer = &H10
    Private Const LLKHF_ALTDOWN As Integer = &H20
    Private Const LLKHF_UP As Integer = &H80

    'KeyUp/KeyDown constants
    Private Const WM_KEYDOWN = &H100
    Private Const WM_KEYUP = &H101
    Private Const WM_SYSKEYDOWN = &H104
    Private Const WM_SYSKEYUP = &H105

    Private Const WH_KEYBOARD_LL As Integer = 13&
    Private KeyboardHandle As Integer
    Private disposed As Boolean = False

    Private Delegate Function KeyboardHookDelegate(ByVal Code As Integer, ByVal wParam As Integer, ByRef lParam As KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT) As Integer

    'Our keydown and keyup events
    Public Event KeyDown As KeyEventHandler
    Public Event KeyUp As KeyEventHandler


    <MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.FunctionPtr)> _
    Private callback As KeyboardHookDelegate = New KeyboardHookDelegate(AddressOf KeyboardCallback)

    'Keyboard callback function
    Private Function KeyboardCallback(ByVal Code As Integer, ByVal wParam As Integer, ByRef lParam As KBDLLHOOKSTRUCT) As Integer

        If (Code = HC_ACTION) Then
            'Call the appropriate event

            Dim KeyData As Keys
            Dim args As KeyEventArgs

            KeyData = lParam.vkCode

            'Check if the ALT key is pressed
            If CBool(GetAsyncKeyState(Keys.Menu) And &H8000) Then
                'Alt key pressed
                KeyData = KeyData Or Keys.Alt
            End If

            'Check if the Ctrl key is pressed
            If CBool(GetAsyncKeyState(Keys.ControlKey) And &H8000) Then
                'Ctrl key pressed
                KeyData = KeyData Or Keys.Control
            End If

            'Check if the Shift key was pressed
            If CBool(GetAsyncKeyState(Keys.ShiftKey) And &H8000) Then
                'Shift key pressed
                KeyData = KeyData Or Keys.Shift
            End If

            'Create the event args
            args = New KeyEventArgs(KeyData)

            'Raise the appropriate event
            If wParam = WM_KEYDOWN Or wParam = WM_SYSKEYDOWN Then
                OnKeyDown(Me, args)
            ElseIf wParam = WM_KEYUP Or wParam = WM_SYSKEYUP Then
                OnKeyUp(Me, args)
            End If

            'Determine if we should block the key
            If args.Handled Then
                Return 1
            End If
        End If

        'Call the next hook in the hook chain and return the value
        Return CallNextHookEx(KeyboardHandle, Code, wParam, lParam)

    End Function

    Protected Sub OnKeyDown(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As KeyEventArgs)
        RaiseEvent KeyDown(sender, e)
    End Sub

    Protected Sub OnKeyUp(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As KeyEventArgs)
        RaiseEvent KeyUp(sender, e)
    End Sub


    Public Sub HookKeyboard()
        callback = New KeyboardHookDelegate(AddressOf KeyboardCallback)

        KeyboardHandle = SetWindowsHookEx( _
          WH_KEYBOARD_LL, callback, _
          Marshal.GetHINSTANCE( _
          [Assembly].GetExecutingAssembly.GetModules()(0)).ToInt32, 0)

        Call CheckHooked()
    End Sub




    Public Overridable Sub Dispose() Implements IDisposable.Dispose
        If Not disposed Then
            disposed = True

            'Unhook the keyboard
            UnhookWindowsHookEx(KeyboardHandle)
        Else
            Throw New ObjectDisposedException("KeyboardHook")
        End If
    End Sub

    Public Sub New()
        ''Create a keyboard low-level hook

        'KeyboardHandle = SetWindowsHookEx( _
        '    WH_KEYBOARD_LL, callback, _
        '    Marshal.GetHINSTANCE( _
        '    [Assembly].GetExecutingAssembly.GetModules()(0)).ToInt32, 0)
    End Sub

    Protected Overrides Sub Finalize()
        MyBase.Finalize()

        If Not disposed Then
            Dispose()
        End If
    End Sub

    Public Sub CheckHooked()
        If (Hooked()) Then
            Debug.WriteLine("Keyboard hooked...")
        Else
            Debug.WriteLine("Keyboard hook failed: " & Err.LastDllError)
        End If
    End Sub

    Public Function rCheckHooked() As Boolean
        If (Hooked()) Then
            Return True
        Else
            Return False
        End If
    End Function
    Private Function Hooked()
        Hooked = KeyboardHandle <> 0
    End Function





End Class
Avatar of CDCOP
CDCOP

Does it work when the form does not have focus?
Avatar of WTarlton

ASKER

Yea it does. I don't know if theres a setting or something? It just won't work when im running it as a service.
I am using a WithEvents and firing off events...this doesnt only work with forms does it?
Avatar of Mike Tomlinson
Not my forte...but I'm pretty sure it has something to do with how services run in their own desktops:
http://support.microsoft.com/default.aspx?scid=kb;en-us;171890
I think your right Idle Mind...

Application-defined hooks are limited in the same way that Windows messages are. The hook procedure of a process running in a particular desktop will only get messages targeted for windows created in the same desktop.
Ok so the question I guess is how do I hook the service window?
Good question.  As I said before though, "Not my forte..."

Someone will come along I'm sure and educate us both.  =)
You might want to try using DirectX.

I started playing with it recently. I am building a remote control. I wanted to 'catch' the buttons when they were pressed. I am planning on using DirectX for this. If you download the directx SDK, it has code examples for input programs which catch keystrokes and joystick inputs.

http://msdn.microsoft.com/directx/sdk/

I still don't know how it will work with the service and desktops.

Let me know what you come up with.
ASKER CERTIFIED SOLUTION
Avatar of doobdave
doobdave

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That unfortunatly did not work. It did however allow me to use a msgbox which I wasn't able to get working before!