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They're not really interchangeable. A switch is used when you have to check an expression for several values, like this :
switch (expression) {
case 1 : do_something_for_case_1();
case 5 : do_something_for_case_5();
default : do_something_default(); break;
}
An if statement is used to check an expression to see whether it's true or false :
if (expression) {
do_something_true();
}
else {
do_something_false();
}