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you need to see accounting 
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Haven't been in linux for awhile but the basic concept of finding out what &quot;has happened&quot;, &quot;when it happened&quot; and and &quot;who did &nbsp;it&quot; implies logging of some sort. That is storage of &quot;what&quot;, &quot;when&quot;, and &quot;who&quot;<br />
for there to be a command to view the information there would be a log file of some sort that stores the info. &nbsp;Seems that you know that auditing is possible. Audit = logging<br />
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Not much of a solution but it's an understanding.<br />
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Haven't been in linux for awhile but the basic concept of finding out what "has happened", "when it happened" and and "who did  it" implies logging of some sort. That is storage of "what", "when", and "who"
for there to be a command to view the information there would be a log file of some sort that stores the info.  Seems that you know that auditing is possible. Audit = logging

Not much of a solution but it's an understanding.



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I'm looking for a definitve answer --- Is it possible without OS auditing ? Yes or NO ?
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I'm looking for a definitve answer --- Is it possible without OS auditing ? Yes or NO ?

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Thanks... <br />
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sharing the &nbsp;points...
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Hi Experts,<br />
<br />
&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Is there any commands or utilites to know when and who accessed a particular file ...<br />
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Say For Ex : &nbsp;/var/opt/.oracle<br />
<br />
I would like to know when this file was accessed and who accessed this file .... I know we can do this by OS auditing... but I would like to know is there any command to do this except &nbsp;OS auditing??<br />
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Hi Experts,

     Is there any commands or utilites to know when and who accessed a particular file ...

Say For Ex :  /var/opt/.oracle

I would like to know when this file was accessed and who accessed this file .... I know we can do this by OS auditing... but I would like to know is there any command to do this except  OS auditing??



How to know when and who (program) accessed a particulra file

Operating system security (OS security) is the process of ensuring OS integrity, confidentiality and availability. OS security refers to specified steps or measures used to protect the OS from threats, viruses, worms, malware or remote hacker intrusions. OS security encompasses all preventive-control techniques, which safeguard any computer assets capable of being stolen, edited or deleted if OS security is compromised, including authentication, passwords and threats to systems and programs.

OS Security

The variety of Linux distributions creates myriad issues relating to configuration and operations when computers are networked, not the least of which is the use of various network management applications, some of which are included with specific distributions, while others are standalone applications.

Linux Networking

The Linux operating system, in all its flavors, has its own share of security flaws that allow intrusions, but there are various mechanisms by which these flaws can be removed, generally divided into two parts: authentication and access control. Authentication is responsible for ensuring that a user requesting access to the system is really the user with the account, while access control is responsible for controlling which resources each account has access to and what kind of access is permitted.