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Blackberry Enterprise Server BES - It's role in internet browsing, how does it work?

We are running BES version 4.1.4.12 on Windows Server 2003 SP2 with Blackberry 8350i devices.  I setup the BES server a little over a year ago but the phones were setup by someone at a remote office.  I have never seen or used a Blackberry 8350i.  
My question has two parts:  

1)  How does the mail route through the Exchange server, to the phones, and vica versa?  I am the network manager, have setup many Exchange servers, Active Directory, DNS, etc, and this is smoke and mirrors to me.  How does it work?
2)  How does setting the Blackberry device to "Blackberry browser" let the 8350i users access the web through the BES server??  This is also smoke and mirrors.  The 8350i is hitting a providers (Sprint, Nextel, Verizon) network for broadband access, how in the world is that traffic being routed back into our LAN and through the BES server.  Again, how does it work?

We have other phones that run Windows mobile and I have them set up to access the email servers like an Outlook Web Access client.  I understand that.  Works great.  Maybe if I had setup the Blackberry phones I would understand it better.   thanks already.
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Ok, I'm kind of slow but I think I finally see the picture on how the email communications work between the BES server, Exchange servers, and the BB phones.  This link http://www.myitforum.com/articles/14/view.asp?id=7752 is really good at explaining it.

What is not mentioned much(or any) is the web proxy capability when running the BB device in Blackberry browser mode.  Can anyone point to a document or give some info on how this works?  I guess the web traffic is just routed (through the RIM network connection with your BES server) to the BES server and then out to the internet from there??  Is this correct?  Any more details or info would be appreciated.  The reason for all this inquiry is I am being asked questions that I cannot answer and am tired of it, so I figured I needed to get up to speed on exactly how my BB devices and BES actually work.
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