queue print function

METHOD 2 (Use Queue)

Algorithm:
For each node, first the node is visited and then it’s child nodes are put in a FIFO queue.

printLevelorder(tree)
1) Create an empty queue q
2) temp_node = root /*start from root*/
3) Loop while temp_node is not NULL
    a) print temp_node->data.
    b) Enqueue temp_node’s children (first left then right children) to q
    c) Dequeue a node from q and assign it’s value to temp_node

Implementation:
Here is a simple implementation of the above algorithm. Queue is implemented using an array with maximum size of 500. We can implement queue as linked list also.
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define MAX_Q_SIZE 500
 
/* A binary tree node has data, pointer to left child
   and a pointer to right child */
struct node
{
    int data;
    struct node* left;
    struct node* right;
};
 
/* frunction prototypes */
struct node** createQueue(int *, int *);
void enQueue(struct node **, int *, struct node *);
struct node *deQueue(struct node **, int *);
 
/* Given a binary tree, print its nodes in level order
   using array for implementing queue */
void printLevelOrder(struct node* root)
{
  int rear, front;
  struct node **queue = createQueue(&front, &rear);
  struct node *temp_node = root;
 
  while(temp_node)
  {
    printf("%d ", temp_node->data);
 
    /*Enqueue left child */
    if(temp_node->left)
      enQueue(queue, &rear, temp_node->left);
 
    /*Enqueue right child */
    if(temp_node->right)
      enQueue(queue, &rear, temp_node->right);
 
    /*Dequeue node and make it temp_node*/
    temp_node = deQueue(queue, &front);
  }
}
 
/*UTILITY FUNCTIONS*/
struct node** createQueue(int *front, int *rear)
{
  struct node **queue =
   (struct node **)malloc(sizeof(struct node*)*MAX_Q_SIZE); 
 
  *front = *rear = 0;
  return queue;
}
 
void enQueue(struct node **queue, int *rear, struct node *new_node)
{
  queue[*rear] = new_node;
  (*rear)++;
}    
 
struct node *deQueue(struct node **queue, int *front)
{
  (*front)++;
  return queue[*front - 1];
}    
 
/* Helper function that allocates a new node with the
   given data and NULL left and right pointers. */
struct node* newNode(int data)
{
  struct node* node = (struct node*)
                       malloc(sizeof(struct node));
  node->data = data;
  node->left = NULL;
  node->right = NULL;
 
  return(node);
}
 
/* Driver program to test above functions*/
int main()
{
  struct node *root = newNode(1);
  root->left        = newNode(2);
  root->right       = newNode(3);
  root->left->left  = newNode(4);
  root->left->right = newNode(5);
 
  printf("Level Order traversal of binary tree is \n");
  printLevelOrder(root);
 
  getchar();
  return 0;
}

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