Windows OS Version: How to remotely query for it?

There's probably a better (read: Windows-specific) answer to this question, but I'd use nmap. This is available in most Linux distros, but you can get a Windows compatible version here.

Save this as GetOS.vbs or Whatever.vbs; you can run it using cscript or wscript, and either pass the computer to query in the command line ("GetOS.vbs /computer:SomeMachine"), or it will prompt you for a name:

Function Get_Host()
	If LCase(Right(Wscript.FullName, 11)) = "wscript.exe" Then
		Get_Host = "GUI"
	Else
		Get_Host = "CLI"
	End If
End Function

Function Get_Input(strHost, strPrompt)
	If (strHost = "GUI") Then
		Get_Input = InputBox(strPrompt)
	Else
		WScript.StdOut.Write strPrompt
		Get_Input = WScript.StdIn.ReadLine
	End If
End Function

Function Write_Output(strHost, strLine)
	If (strHost = "GUI") Then
		MsgBox(strLine)
	Else
		WScript.StdOut.Write strLine & vbCRLF
	End If
End Function

Function Get_OS(strComputer)
	Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" & strComputer & "\root\cimv2")
	Set colOS = objWMIService.ExecQuery("Select * from Win32_OperatingSystem")
	For Each objOS in colOS
		Get_OS = objOS.Caption & " " & objOS.Version
	Next
End Function

'MAIN
strHost = Get_Host
Set objArgsNamed = WScript.Arguments.Named
strComputer = objArgsNamed("Computer")
If (strComputer = "") Then
	strComputer = Get_Input(strHost, "Please enter the computer name: ")
End If
If (strComputer = "") Then
	strComputer = "."
End if
strOSVersion = Get_OS(strComputer)
Write_Output strHost, strComputer & ": " & strOSVersion

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To oBdA: your script and switch is 99% perfect! I love it! The 1% outstanding: How can I direct output to a text file? I tried "GetOS.vbs /computer:SomeMachine > textfile.txt", but it created a zero-byte file and still sent the output to screen.

To dstewartjr: your excellent script provides more info than oBdA; however, how can I provide computer names from a file and redirect output to an output file? I want to do the following or similar - "yourscript.bat /sourcefile:servernames.txt > results-output.txt"

To send the output to a file, you'll need to use cscript as host; the message box output of the wscript version can't be redirected:
cscript.exe GetOS.vbs /computer:SomeMachine > textfile.txt

Sorry, not my script....probably would need to modify for sure.

To oBdA:
1. I created a "servers.txt" file containing the server names - one per line.
2. I created the script "GetOS-InputFile.vbs" containing the contents of your 2nd script.
3. At the command prompt I changed to the directory containing both vbs & txt files.
4. I typed: "cscript.exe GetOS-InputFile.vbs /ComputerFile:servers.txt /ResultFile:results.log"
...and
...IT WORKED!!
You saved the day! Thank you!

1. oBdA provided me the perfect solution.
2. dstewartjr provided me a good solution for dealing with a few machines at a time.
I am well satisfied.