IP Address to Country in Coldfusion

Hello experts.
I'm trying to use this php tutorial:https://www.experts-exchange.com/Web_Development/Web_Languages-Standards/PHP/PHP_Databases/A_3437-IP-Address-to-Country-in-PHP.html

I added the data into my db. and i need a little help now with the second code (step 4) .
The question is what are these two lines doing:
// IP ADDRESSES ARE UNSIGNED AND MAY RETURN NEGATIVE VALUES
$ip_number = sprintf('%u', $x);

My code is working but i did't add the function above for negative values and the validation.
Any help to complete it?

<cfscript>
/**
* Generates an (IPv4) Internet Protocol dotted address (aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) from the proper address representation. Returns 0 if error occurs.
*
* @param longip Numeric value of the address you want to convert. (Required)
* @return Returns a String.
* @author Troy Pullis (tpullis@yahoo.com)
* @version 1, Jan 5, 2009
*/
function long2ip(longip)
{
   var ip = "";
   var i = "";
if (longip < 0 || longip > 4294967295)
      return 0;
for (i=3;i>=0;i--) {
ip = ip & int(longip / 256^i);
longip = longip - int(longip / 256^i) * 256^i;
if (i>0)
         ip = ip & ".";
}
return ip;
}

/**
* Converts a string containing an (IPv4) Internet Protocol dotted address (aaa.bbb.ccc.ddd) into a proper address representation. Returns 0 if error occurs.
*
* @param ip Dotted address value you want to convert. (Required)
* @return Returns a String.
* @author Troy Pullis (tpullis@yahoo.com)
* @version 1, Jan 5, 2009
*/
function ip2long(ip) {
   var iparr = ListToArray(ip,".");
   if (ArrayLen(iparr) != 4)
      return 0;
   else
       return iparr[1]*256^3 + iparr[2]*256^2 + iparr[3]*256 + iparr[4];
}
</cfscript>
<!--- <cfset myip = CGI.REMOTE_ADDR /> --->
<cfset myip = '85.75.31.212'/>
<cfset myip2long = ip2long(myip) />
<!--- <cfdump var="#myip2long#"> --->
<cfquery name="getcountry" datasource="#request.dsn#">
SELECT country_code, country_name FROM ip2country WHERE #myip2long# BETWEEN ip_number_lo AND ip_number_hi LIMIT 1
</cfquery>
<cfdump var="#getcountry#">

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