Overlapping Times MySQL

I have a table that holds conference room reservations.

I put in an event in next week from 8am Monday until 4:30pm on Friday.

Even though I thought I was checking for overlapping times, I was able to enter an event for next Wednesday from 10am until 12...which is right in the middle of the first event that lasts one week.

How can I structure my query to avoid this from happening?

$checkTime = mysql_query("SELECT id FROM fm_calendar_resourceRequests WHERE  ((`startDate` BETWEEN '".date("Y-m-d", strtotime($firstDay))."' AND '".date("Y-m-d", strtotime($returnDay))."') OR (`endDate` BETWEEN '".date("Y-m-d", strtotime($firstDay))."' AND '".date("Y-m-d", strtotime($returnDay))."')) AND  ((`startTime`  BETWEEN '".$startTime."' AND '".$endTime."') OR (`endTime` BETWEEN '".$startTime."' AND '".$endTime."'))") or die("Check Times: " . mysql_error());

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The query actually produces:

SELECT id FROM fm_calendar_resourceRequests WHERE  ((`startDate` BETWEEN '2013-06-27' AND '2013-06-27') OR (`endDate` BETWEEN '2013-06-27' AND '2013-06-27')) AND  ((`startTime`  BETWEEN '10:00' AND '12:30') OR (`endTime` BETWEEN '10:00' AND '12:30'))

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The explanation of my table is as attached as an image.
db-structure.png
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t3chguyAsked:
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Ray PaseurConnect With a Mentor Commented:
I will update the Date-and-Time article with this example, but I thought I would post it here first.  It shows the general way that a resource scheduling calendar works.  The locking mechanism might make more sense in a transaction, etc., but the overall design and the queries are the same for all resource schedulers.

<?php // RAY_mysqli_resource_calendar.php
ini_set('display_errors', TRUE);
error_reporting(E_ALL);
echo '<pre>';


// DEMONSTRATE A RESOURCE-SCHEDULING CALENDAR


// DATABASE CONNECTION AND SELECTION VARIABLES - GET THESE FROM YOUR HOSTING COMPANY
$db_host = "localhost"; // PROBABLY THIS IS OK
$db_name = "??";
$db_user = "??";
$db_word = "??";

// OPEN A CONNECTION TO THE DATA BASE SERVER AND SELECT THE DB
$mysqli = new mysqli($db_host, $db_user, $db_word, $db_name);

// DID THE CONNECT/SELECT WORK OR FAIL?
if ($mysqli->connect_errno)
{
    trigger_error("CONNECT FAIL: $mysqli->connect_errno $mysqli->connect_error", E_USER_ERROR);
}


// CREATING A TABLE FOR OUR TEST DATA
$sql
=
"
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE my_calendar
( id    INT         NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT PRIMARY KEY
, rname VARCHAR(24) NOT NULL DEFAULT ''                    # RESOURCE NAME
, alpha DATETIME    NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00' # BEGINNING OF COMMITMENT
, omega DATETIME    NOT NULL DEFAULT '0000-00-00 00:00:00' # END OF COMMITMENT
)
"
;

// CREATE THE TABLE OR LOG AND SHOW THE ERROR
if (!$res = $mysqli->query($sql))
{
    $err
    = 'QUERY FAILURE:'
    . ' ERRNO: '
    . $mysqli->errno
    . ' ERROR: '
    . $mysqli->error
    . ' QUERY: '
    . $sql
    ;
    trigger_error($err, E_USER_ERROR);
}

// PRE-LOAD SOME SCHEDULED RESOURCES INTO THE CALENDAR
$mysqli->query("INSERT INTO my_calendar (rname, alpha, omega) VALUES ( 'One', '2013-06-20T08:00:00', '2013-06-20T09:59:59' )");
$mysqli->query("INSERT INTO my_calendar (rname, alpha, omega) VALUES ( 'Two', '2013-06-20T08:00:00', '2013-06-20T09:59:59' )");
$mysqli->query("INSERT INTO my_calendar (rname, alpha, omega) VALUES ( 'Two', '2013-06-20T11:00:00', '2013-06-20T12:59:59' )");


// SHOW THE CALENDAR
$res = $mysqli->query("SELECT * FROM my_calendar");
while ($row = $res->fetch_object()) { print_r($row); }


// SCHEDULE A RESOURCE FROM 1:00pm TO 3:00pm
$rname = 'One';
$alpha = date('c', strtotime('June 20, 2013 1:00pm'));
$omega = date('c', strtotime('June 20, 2013 3:00pm - 1 SECOND'));

$res = $mysqli->query("LOCK TABLES my_calendar");
$res = $mysqli->query("SELECT id FROM my_calendar WHERE rname = '$rname' AND ( (alpha BETWEEN '$alpha' AND '$omega') OR (omega BETWEEN '$alpha' AND '$omega') )  LIMIT 1");
$num = $res->num_rows;
if ($num == 0)
{
    $res = $mysqli->query("INSERT INTO my_calendar (rname, alpha, omega) VALUES ( '$rname', '$alpha', '$omega' )");
    echo "SCHEDULED $rname FROM $alpha TO $omega" . PHP_EOL;
}
else
{
    echo "CONFLICT! $rname FROM $alpha TO $omega" . PHP_EOL;
}
$res = $mysqli->query("UNLOCK TABLES my_calendar");


// TRY TO SCHEDULE THE SAME RESOURCE FROM 2:00pm TO 4:00pm
$rname = 'One';
$alpha = date('c', strtotime('June 20, 2013 2:00pm'));
$omega = date('c', strtotime('June 20, 2013 4:00pm - 1 SECOND'));

$res = $mysqli->query("LOCK TABLES my_calendar");
$res = $mysqli->query("SELECT id FROM my_calendar WHERE rname = '$rname' AND ( (alpha BETWEEN '$alpha' AND '$omega') OR (omega BETWEEN '$alpha' AND '$omega') )  LIMIT 1");
$num = $res->num_rows;
if ($num == 0)
{
    $mysqli->query("INSERT INTO my_calendar (rname, alpha, omega) VALUES ( '$rname', '$alpha', '$omega' )");
    echo "SCHEDULED $rname FROM $alpha TO $omega" . PHP_EOL;
}
else
{
    echo "CONFLICT! $rname FROM $alpha TO $omega" . PHP_EOL;
}
$res = $mysqli->query("UNLOCK TABLES my_calendar");


// TRY TO SCHEDULE A DIFFERENT RESOURCE FROM 2:00pm TO 4:00pm
$rname = 'Two';
$alpha = date('c', strtotime('June 20, 2013 2:00pm'));
$omega = date('c', strtotime('June 20, 2013 4:00pm - 1 SECOND'));

$res = $mysqli->query("LOCK TABLES my_calendar");
$res = $mysqli->query("SELECT id FROM my_calendar WHERE rname = '$rname' AND ( (alpha BETWEEN '$alpha' AND '$omega') OR (omega BETWEEN '$alpha' AND '$omega') )  LIMIT 1");
$num = $res->num_rows;
if ($num == 0)
{
    $mysqli->query("INSERT INTO my_calendar (rname, alpha, omega) VALUES ( '$rname', '$alpha', '$omega' )");
    echo "SCHEDULED $rname FROM $alpha TO $omega" . PHP_EOL;
}
else
{
    echo "CONFLICT! $rname FROM $alpha TO $omega" . PHP_EOL;
    while ($row = $res->fetch_object()) { var_dump($row); }
}
$res = $mysqli->query("UNLOCK TABLES my_calendar");


// SHOW THE RESULTING CALENDAR
$res = $mysqli->query("SELECT * FROM my_calendar");
while ($row = $res->fetch_object()) { print_r($row); }

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HTH, ~Ray
0
 
t3chguyAuthor Commented:
Sample Data can be seen in the following image...these are the two rows that conflict.
sample-data.png
0
 
COANetworkConnect With a Mentor Commented:
sample data not necessary, if you actually look at the statement you labeled as "The query actually produces:".  Your code will work fine if events OVERLAP (meaning, if either the start date or the end date of one event is outside the range of the other event).  But your query does not check to see if the range of one event fully contains the other event.
The statement your code has produced checks to see if any of other events start or stop during that 2.5 hours, but it does not check if there are any events where start date and time < current start date and time and end date and time > current end date and time.
You need a statement that will "actually produce" this query: 
	SELECT id 
	FROM fm_calendar_resourceRequests 
	WHERE  
			(
				(
					(`startDate` BETWEEN '2013-06-27' AND '2013-06-27') 
				OR 
					(`endDate` BETWEEN '2013-06-27' AND '2013-06-27')
				) 
			AND  
				(
					(`startTime`  BETWEEN '10:00' AND '12:30') 
				OR 
					(`endTime` BETWEEN '10:00' AND '12:30')
				)
			)
		OR
			(
				(`startDate` <= '2013-06-27' AND `startTime` <= '10:00')
			AND
				(`endDate` >= '2013-06-27' AND `endTime` >= '12:30')
			)

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0
 
Ray PaseurCommented:
You probably want to restructure the table in a way that incorporates the date and time columns together into DATETIME columns.  It will make your programming simpler.  This article tells some of the theory and practice.
http://www.experts-exchange.com/Web_Development/Web_Languages-Standards/PHP/A_201-Handling-date-and-time-in-PHP-and-MySQL.html

And since you have to make a data base change anyway, now would be a good time to get off MySQL.  PHP is doing away with MySQL.  This article explains why and tells what you must do to keep your scripts running.
http://www.experts-exchange.com/Web_Development/Web_Languages-Standards/PHP/PHP_Databases/A_11177-PHP-MySQL-Deprecated-as-of-PHP-5-5-0.html
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