Moreover, is the server listening correctly to TCP port 5060. Verify if the firewall is enabled that TCP port 5060 is allowed. You can also check this thread:
I would recommend uninstalling or disabling any web filtering or web protection (pop up blocker, internet security software's \ programs and then try logging in.
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2795828
Moreover, is the server listening correctly to TCP port 5060. Verify if the firewall is enabled that TCP port 5060 is allowed. You can also check this thread:
http://social.technet.microsoft.com/Forums/lync/en-US/e2514c4e-1961-42cb-8017-91602413b225/lync-server-not-listening-on-port-5060?forum=ocsvoice