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Two mistakes.
1. You've used getElementsByType instead of getElementsByName once
2. You can't request a .value from a scriptblock - you intended to apply that to the result of where:

CLS
$url = "www.SomeSite.com"
$ie = New-Object -comobject InternetExplorer.Application 
$ie.visible = $true 
$ie.silent = $true 
$ie.Navigate( $url )
while( $ie.busy){Start-Sleep 1} 
#$secLink = $ie.Document.getElementsByTagName('A') | Where-Object {$_.innerText -eq 'Continue to this website (not recommended).'} 
#$secLink.click() 
($ie.Document.getElementsByName("input") | where { $.Name -eq "loginInput" }).value = "UserName"
($ie.Document.getElementsByName("input") | where { $.Name -eq "passwordField" }).value = "password"
$loginBtn = $ie.Document.getElementsById('input') | Where-Object {$_.Type -eq 'button' -and $_.Value -eq 'Login'} 
$loginBtn.click() 

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Maybe you have to use GetElementsById instead of GetElementsByName.

Code produced this error.

The property 'value' cannot be found on this object. Verify that the property exists and can be set.
At line:12 char:1
+ ($ie.Document.getElementsByName("input") | where { $.Name -eq "loginInput" }).va ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PropertyNotFound
 
The property 'value' cannot be found on this object. Verify that the property exists and can be set.
At line:13 char:1
+ ($ie.Document.getElementsByName("input") | where { $.Name -eq "passwordField" }) ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : PropertyNotFound
 
Method invocation failed because [mshtml.HTMLDocumentClass] does not contain a method named 'getElementsById'.
At line:14 char:1
+ $loginBtn = $ie.Document.getElementsById('input') | Where-Object {$_.Type -eq 'b ...
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : MethodNotFound
 
You cannot call a method on a null-valued expression.
At line:15 char:1
+ $loginBtn.click()
+ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
    + CategoryInfo          : InvalidOperation: (:) [], RuntimeException
    + FullyQualifiedErrorId : InvokeMethodOnNull

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There is no value inside the node. I believe that is what is causing error.  loginInput is the text field that holds User name text but there is no Value tag. Could it be we need to use id="loginfield" ?

I'm using this sequence to log in:

$ie.Document.getElementsByTagName("input") | ? { $_.Id -eq 'username' } | % { $_.value = "MyUsername" }                                                              
$ie.Document.getElementsByTagName("input") | ? { $_.Id -eq 'password' } | % { $_.value = "MyPassword" }
$ie.Document.getElementsByTagName("input") | ? { $_.Type -eq 'submit' } | % { $_.Click() }  

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and it works great. But that depends on the site we query.

OK now we are getting somewhere
The code Populates username and password. but it wont press submit button
there is no .type there is an <a onclick..

See image here for submit

OK was able to get pass that first button

with this code

$ie.Document.getElementsByTagName("input") | ? { $_.Id -eq 'loginField' } | % { $_.value = "User" } 
$ie.Document.getElementsByTagName("input") | ? { $_.Id -eq 'passwordField' } | % { $_.value = "pass" }
$ie.Document.getElementsByTagName("button") | ? { $_.Type -eq 'button' } | % { $_.Click() } 

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But I need to click this button and its a bit different. I need to press Go button NOT Cancel button.

Currently I have this command and it just sits on page
 

$ie.Document.getElementsByTagName("button") | ? { $_.Type -eq 'button' -and $_.name -eq "Go" } | % { $_.Click() }

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I think its because there are other buttons on page. Could it be the other buttons are ALL buttons

The Select only returned Type button the name and ID was blank

Think I got passed this question.

can you help me in the next phase
https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/28494068/Powershell-get-href-from-page-and-assign-to-variable.html

Thank you!