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SQL Left join on same table

Hi Experts!

I have big some issues with doing a SQL query with multiple LEFT JOIN's on the same table.

I Have a table INVOICES that looks like this

Customerid      Invoiceno      lineno
1234            98765            1
1234            98800            2
4321            98801            1
3241            98802            1
4321            98803            2
1234            98804            3

I am trying to create a query that will list each customer on 1 line.
See below.
The database I use is iAnywhere (Sybase)

Customerid      Invoice1      Invoice2      Invoice3
1234            98765            98800            98804
4321            98801            98803            NULL
3241            98803            NULL            NULL

In order to acomplish this I have tried with the following Query, but it still list up 1 line per invoice no.
Is someone able to seee where I go wrong?

select t.customerid,t1.Invoiceno,t2.Invoiceno,t3.Invoiceno from Invoices t
left join Invoices t1 on (t.customerid=t1.customerid and t.Invoiceno=t1.Invoiceno and t1.lineno=1)
left join Invoices t2 on (t.customerid=t2.customerid and t.Invoiceno=t2.Invoiceno and t2.lineno=2)
left join Invoices t3 on (t.customerid=t3.customerid and t.Invoiceno=t3.Invoiceno and t3.lineno=3)

ASKER CERTIFIED SOLUTION

Guy Hengel [angelIII / a3]

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Vitor Montalvão

I think you can use PIVOT functionality here:

select Customerid, [1] as invoice1, [2] as invoice2, [3] as invoice3
from
(
  select *  from Invoices 
) t
pivot
(
  max(Invoiceno)
  for lineno in ([1], [2], [3])
) PivotName

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ste5an

You need a pivot. Either the classic way as Guy wrote or using the PIVOT operator as Vitor wrote.

Both solutions require that the number of pivoted columns is constant and known when you write your query. When your line number is dynamic, then you need normally a dynamic SQL like:

CREATE TABLE #Invoices
    (
      Customerid INT ,
      Invoiceno INT ,
      [LINENO] INT
    );

INSERT  INTO #Invoices
VALUES  ( 1234, 98765, 1 ),
        ( 1234, 98800, 2 ),
        ( 4321, 98801, 1 ),
        ( 3241, 98802, 1 ),
        ( 4321, 98803, 2 ),
        ( 1234, 98804, 3 ),
        ( 3210, 98823, 5 );

-- Static SQL
SELECT  I.Customerid ,
        MAX(CASE WHEN I.[LINENO] = 1 THEN I.Invoiceno END) AS invoice1 ,
        MAX(CASE WHEN I.[LINENO] = 2 THEN I.Invoiceno END) AS invoice2 ,
        MAX(CASE WHEN I.[LINENO] = 3 THEN I.Invoiceno END) AS invoice3
FROM    #Invoices I
GROUP BY I.Customerid;

SELECT  P.Customerid ,
        P.[1] AS invoice1 ,
        P.[2] AS invoice2 ,
        P.[3] AS invoice3
FROM    #Invoices I PIVOT
( MAX(Invoiceno) FOR [LINENO] IN ( [1], [2], [3] ) ) P;

-- Dynamic SQL
DECLARE @SqlMax VARCHAR(MAX) = 'SELECT  I.Customerid, {0} FROM #Invoices I GROUP BY I.Customerid;';
DECLARE @SelectExpressions VARCHAR(MAX) = '';

SELECT  @SelectExpressions += REPLACE(',MAX(CASE WHEN I.[LINENO] = {0} THEN I.Invoiceno END) AS invoice{0}', '{0}', CAST(I.[LINENO] AS VARCHAR(MAX)))
FROM    #Invoices I
GROUP BY I.[LINENO];

SET @SqlMax = REPLACE(@SqlMax, '{0}', STUFF(@SelectExpressions, 1, 1, ''));

EXECUTE (@SqlMax);

DECLARE @SqlPivot VARCHAR(MAX) = 'SELECT P.Customerid, {0} FROM #Invoices I PIVOT ( MAX(Invoiceno) FOR [LINENO] IN ( {1} ) ) P;';
DECLARE @SqlSelectColumns VARCHAR(MAX) = '';
DECLARE @SqlPivotColumns VARCHAR(MAX) = '';

SELECT  @SqlSelectColumns += REPLACE(',P.[{0}] AS invoice{0}', '{0}', CAST(I.[LINENO] AS VARCHAR(MAX)))
FROM    #Invoices I
GROUP BY I.[LINENO];

SELECT  @SqlPivotColumns += REPLACE(',[{0}]', '{0}', CAST(I.[LINENO] AS VARCHAR(MAX)))
FROM    #Invoices I
GROUP BY I.[LINENO];

SET @SqlPivot = REPLACE(@SqlPivot, '{0}', STUFF(@SqlSelectColumns, 1, 1, ''));
SET @SqlPivot = REPLACE(@SqlPivot, '{1}', STUFF(@SqlPivotColumns, 1, 1, ''));

EXECUTE ( @SqlPivot );

DROP TABLE #Invoices;

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p.s. don't use reserved words as object names

gfk76

ASKER

Thank you very much for Your solution.