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centos linux

Hi,

I want ot learn and practive Linux commands on my windows 10 laptop. how to instal and set up and practice in centos. please advise
I was checking below but not sure where and how to get software etc
http://www.tecmint.com/centos-6-3-step-by-step-installation-guide-with-screenshots/

please advise
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i want most simple way. i am new to linux. my goal just to practice some commands like cp etc
"Simple" could be enough to get Cygwin which is could do, but I think simply practicing commands might not be adequate. Using a virtual environment could provide you with insight into install/configuration considerations before you even try running different commands which often are dictated by what the system can do or was setup for...

For the virtual machine in virtualbox need not dedicate more than 5Gb for the virtual drive.
During install, memory allocation, swap and then drive layout/partitioning ..........
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link for cygwin to download and install:

https://www.cygwin.com/
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looks like it is big project to do all this. I want something to set up in 10 minutes with next next commands
While it seems, it is a next, next, ok, install
And then wait till it ..

Since you would like to expand your knowledge/skill
Try it, while the write up might seem expansive, the basic default option selection install takes less than 10 minutes. Since you will be installing as a VM, the impact is merely the space you allocated to the centos/redhat Linux VM and the time spent answering the GUI install wizard....

The download of virtualbox and centos minimal cd/DVD ISO.. You do not need to burn the ISO.
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As I mentioned, just use the Linux subsystem in the Windows features. It really works well and is easy to use. It may not get you a Linux with GUI, but for working in a terminal using Linux Commands which is what you are trying to get, it is perfect.
Or you can try Live CD/DVD, download iso file and burn it into DVD, then boot your PC from DVD with Linux OS.

http://knopper.net/knoppix/index-en.html

Here is a list of Live CD Linux
https://livecdlist.com/
By the way, you can burn those Live CD into USB thumb drive and boot from USB.
https://www.ubuntu.com/download/desktop/create-a-usb-stick-on-windows

https://www.linuxliveusb.com/
A cygwin setup can be done in 5 minutes.
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ASKER

A cygwin setup can be done in 5 minutes.
does it tests linux commands?

what is url to download and steps to install?
how winscp is different from cygwin
www.cygwin.org
yes cygwin is a virtualized linux/unix like environment that runs on a windows host..

Often, running commands is the second part of what a person has to learn to the first part which is installing the system.
I.e. did you learn windows commands before your first windows system.
Not sure what you are after, but during the time you are making this decision, you could have already installed and deleted and reinstalled, at least four time a centos system within vmware and virtualbox environments. Through that exercise  you would be further along in your skill building ...
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i am trying ubuntu getting attacxhed error.
url used is
http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04/
i used below as attached

[   ] ubuntu-14.04.4-desktop-amd64.list  

how to get interl core i5 for 64 bit related ubuntu download as above AMD wont work
ubuntuErr.png
unnamed.png
You need to get the version that matches the CPU you set in the VM.
Oh, if not mistaken virtualbox is a 32 bit app so you need a 32bit version of the installer.
Why don't you just do what I suggested earlier and enable the Linux subsystem???? That gets you Ubuntu!!!

VirtualBox isn't just 32 bit. It runs as a 64 bit tool when installed on 64 bit hardware under a 64 bit OS, and if you have enabled the CPU's VT support in the BIOS, and if you haven't installed Hyper-V.

There is no difference between Intel or AMD in terms of Ubuntu. It is only called "ubuntu-14.04.4-desktop-amd64" because AMD was the first to introduce 64 bit CPU's that could also run x86 bit code. Intel copied this later.
Rindi,

Agree, but the error message indicates that the detected CPU is i686. Using the 32 bit version will assure a successful install.  Guess I should have been precise in the comment.

The issue is either the system on which virtualbox is installed a 32 bit system, Or the VM CPU settings are not 64bit...
CentOS is just as easy to use as Ubuntu.  It's all personal preference.  The main difference you'll encounter is the package manager used to install additional packages and the default Window Manager (GUI).   CentOS also has a live CD, but a live CD is unnecessary if you install it in a VM.

If you want to install Ubuntu, you're already on the right track, you just have to get the 32 bit version, based on your error message.  The error means that you likely installed a 32 bit copy of Virtualbox.  Is your system a 32 bit system?  Just get the 32 bit version of linux and install that.  At the moment it's simplest to try that.
From the page:
https://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu-kylin
Direct link:
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntukylin/releases/16.04.1/release/ubuntukylin-16.04.1-desktop-i386.iso

If you want to install 64 bit in Virtualbox, you may have to enable support for it in your BIOS first, then enable settings in Windows.  Otherwise, VirtualBox is initially limited to 32 bit by default on many systems.  Here is a link to the instructions if you wish to attempt it.
http://www.fixedbyvonnie.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/fixedbyvonnie-windows-8-1-disable-hyper-v-3.png


@Gerwin
I think he switched to Ubuntu, because so others said to get ubuntu, even when the original question asked specifically how to follow along the instructions for CentOS.  It's not the askers fault when there's just too many conflicting suggestions.  Experts should work with the asker and solve the question at hand.  Just because you prefer one linux distro over another doesn't mean that's what the asker needs.
If the AMD64 bit version of Ubuntu won't install, you probably have enabled Hyper-V, or VT isn't enabled in the BIOS. so either enable VT support in the BIOS, remove the Hyper-V feature, or at a boot a boot menu that boots without Hyper-V. As long as your PC is 64 bit, which is highly likely, you can then install the 64 bit version of Ubuntu in VirtualBox. Or you could install it in Hyper-V...

But if you use the Linux subsystem that wouldn't be an issue either...
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Oh, if not mistaken virtualbox is a 32 bit app so you need a 32bit version of the installer.

my laptop is windows 10 64 bit one. oracle virtual box download only has 32 bit option i believe so i downloaded the same.

Not sure exactly what my error message means.

how to change bias etc. can you please send some screenshots of the same on how to do with steps
VBox doesn't only have 32 bit option, That is only the case if you have added the Hyper-V feature in Windows, or if your BIOS doesn't have VT enabled for the CPU, as I already mentioned. Besides that I'm still waiting for a comment from you about why you don't want to use the simplest solution, the Linux Subsystem???
Given you are /have 32but virtual box, download the 32bit i686 version of Ubuntu installer.
The installer is the same for both OS's.
The user needs to download the i686 version of Ubuntu ISO, the x86_64 that was obtained can not run as depicted in the posted failure image pointing to the OS bit version.
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Besides that I'm still waiting for a comment from you about why you don't want to use the simplest solution, the Linux Subsystem???

i am taking training and instructor using ubuntu so i want to go with same one
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The user needs to download the i686 version of Ubuntu ISO,

what is the direct link to download?
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ASKER

A desktop with GUI,

http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04/ubuntu-14.04.5-server-i386.iso.torrent

can you please provide steps to install above
You download the ISO.
You then attach the ISO as a cd/DVD of the VM in virtualbox, then when you start the VM, it will use the ISO attached to the cd/DVD of the VM as a bootable disk the VM upon startup will initiate the install ....


With this versus your prior attemp, you will get further.
Try and see how far you get.
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ASKER

You download the ISO.

i clicked above link you gave and it downloaded torrent file (ubuntu-14.04.5-server-i386.iso.torrent) that is same as ISO file right?
The link required the use of a torrent app ..

Try this one instead. Posting based on your last attempt to install Ubuntu.
http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/dists/trusty-updates/main/installer-i386/current/images/xenial-netboot/

Look within,
i've not recently tried so my search identification of an appropriate link to an ISO.

I think another posted a link to where the assortment of Ubuntu version 32 can be downloaded.....
I gave the full explanation and link way back.  Here's a repost of the portion about the download.

If you want to install Ubuntu, you're already on the right track, you just have to get the 32 bit version, based on your error message.  The error means that you likely installed a 32 bit copy of Virtualbox.  Is your system a 32 bit system?  Just get the 32 bit version of linux and install that.  At the moment it's simplest to try that.
From the page:
https://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu-kylin
Direct link:
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntukylin/releases/16.04.1/release/ubuntukylin-16.04.1-desktop-i386.iso
>> taking training and instructor using ubuntu
Does the course not provide you with instructions on how to set up the environment?

About the .torrent filename: of course a torrent and an iso are not the same files. Look at their size for example. A .docx file isn't the same as a .txt file right?

Here's an article that may help you to set things up:
https://www.experts-exchange.com/articles/18342/How-to-try-out-Linux.html
The Linux subsystem you get with Windows 10 IS based on Ubuntu.

Besides that, as I have tried to explain multiple times, you can install the 64 bit version of Ubuntu within VirtualBox. You just need to enable VT for your CPU in the BIOS.
>> how to change bias etc.
Share what laptop, brand, type and some details then we may be able to get you a screenshot / example.
rindi,

A person with your skill and knowledge might entertain learning/using linux in a beta of a linux susbsystem under windows 10, a person interested in learning linux/unix would have to weigh whether the issue one has in a linux subsystem type of environement is related to the linux portion of the beta level nature of the development.

Additionally,
Learning linux is not the use of commands, if the person seeks to familiarize with linux centos, ubuntu, etc. the basic thing needed is to install the OS as it is rare one would be granted administrative tasks to use commands, script, etc. without the person knowing how to install the OS or boot the system using install media as it is one of the ways to access a failed system's data, as well as fix a corrupt boot, etc.
According to his Question, he wants to learn Linux commands. For that you don't need to have a GUI, nor do you have to know how to install the OS. The Linux subsystem is just perfect for that. It also connects to the Ubuntu repositories, so you can install additional software the normal Ubuntu way using the package manager. Installing a Linux distro is very simple as you either have a menu system where you are guided through the process, or if it is a desktop linux distro, it is just as simple as installing an m$ OS, by mainly clicking with your mouse and filling in some data. That doesn't help you learn Linux.
He just want's the 32 ubuntu linux link now, because that's what the instructor uses, so he can follow along.  You guys are overly complicating the matter.  I provided that 3 days ago with a detailed description of why he wasn't able to run 64 bit and how to enable it 64 bit capability to use the 64 bit linux or just download the 32 bit version.  I gave that information before you guys started debating about it and rehashing my previous comment.  He just needs it to work the same way so he can become familiar with it more easily and ask the instructor.

Comment is back here: a41984288  Click on that link and get the correct 32 bit linux link so you can start.  Ignore the Gigs suggestion.  EE messed up somewhere and made my comment include that.
gudii9 - Any progress on your side? Or do you have issues? There are enough useful comments above that should get you going.
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ASKER

i need to sit some time to read all these comments and re try all the suggestions. i will get back
Ok, get back to us when you had a chance to try.
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unlike given in below link
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2CqmbvkyS4E

my ubuntu shows as 32 bit in drop down instead it idealy should show 64 bit simce mine is 64 bit machine?
ubuntuuu.png
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ASKER

he error means that you likely installed a 32 bit copy of Virtualbox.  Is your system a 32 bit system?  Just get the 32 bit version of linux and install that.  At the moment it's simplest to try that.
From the page:
https://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu-kylin
Direct link:
http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/ubuntukylin/releases/16.04.1/release/ubuntukylin-16.04.1-desktop-i386.iso

my laptop is 64 bit. not sure where 32 bit coming
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ASKER

http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04/

what is difference between above and below
https://www.ubuntu.com/download/ubuntu-kylin

i tried top most one and did not work for me.

i wonder what is kylin? does that work on my windows 10 64 bit laptop?
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ASKER

http://releases.ubuntu.com/14.04/
what is difference between below two links from above site?
ubuntu-14.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso  


ubuntu-14.04.4-desktop-i386.iso
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ASKER

ubuntu-14.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso  
earlier i tried above one and giving attached error
now i am download below one to try to see how it works

ubuntu-14.04.4-desktop-i386.iso
ubuntuuu2.png
The 32 bit comes from the virtualization software, virtualbox.
Functionally, command, there is no difference between the two versions.
To avoid further complicating/getting this off track I'll ......
This is the 64 bit distro
ubuntu-14.04.4-desktop-amd64.iso  

This is the 32 bit distro
ubuntu-14.04.4-desktop-i386.iso

From my previous comment a41984288:
If you want to install 64 bit in Virtualbox, you may have to enable support for it in your BIOS first, then enable settings in Windows.  Otherwise, VirtualBox is initially limited to 32 bit by default on many systems.  Here is a link to the instructions if you wish to attempt it.
http://www.fixedbyvonnie.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/09/fixedbyvonnie-windows-8-1-disable-hyper-v-3.png
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ASKER

If you want to install 64 bit in Virtualbox, you may have to enable support for it in your BIOS first, then enable settings in Windows.  Otherwise, VirtualBox is initially limited to 32 bit by default on many systems.  Here is a link to the instructions if you wish to attempt it

do i need to do all that bias things?

why i cannot simply download and install ubuntu software related to i3 and 64 bit by pointing to that iso after installing virtual host (which step is already done)

only penidng step is putting ubuntu on top of existing oracle virtual host.

i see main issue is getting right version of ubuntu download link for my window 10 64 bit intel i5 procesing machine not AMD or some other old procesor downloads??
I already mentioned a long, long time ago that there is no difference between AMD and Intel in terms of the iso of Ubuntu. It is just called AMD because AMD was the first to make their x86 CPU's also capable  of running in 64bit mode, and intel just copied that feature later.

If you want to install the 64 bit iso, then again as I mentioned very loooong ago, you need to enable VT for the CPU in your PC's BIOS, and you will need to make sure you don't have Hyper-V installed, as Hyper-V takes hold of the VT extensions of the CPU and then VirtualBox can't use them. If you want to use both Hyper-V and VirtualBox, there is also a way to add a boot entry for your OS, so you can boot the PC into either Hyper-V mode enabled, or disabled. You could of course also use Hyper-V to install Ubuntu in, rather than VBox.

If VT isn't available to VBox, then you can only install 32 bit guests.
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If you want to install the 64 bit iso,

where i have to download this.

when i i try to do i386 one gives attached error.

what kind of crazy namings ubuntu came with for download files?
ubuntuuu222.png
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ASKER

If you want to install the 64 bit iso, then again as I mentioned very loooong ago, you need to enable VT for the CPU in your PC's BIOS, and you will need to make sure you don't have Hyper-V installed, as Hyper-V takes hold of the VT extensions of the CPU and then VirtualBox can't use them. If you want to use both Hyper-V and VirtualBox, there is also a way to add a boot entry for your OS, so you can boot the PC into either Hyper-V mode enabled, or disabled. You could of course also use Hyper-V to install Ubuntu in, rather than VBox.

sounds like 5 year plan. any screenshots you can provide me or point to some simpole youtube video?
Just open your PC's BIOS and look at what you have available there.

As for Hyper-V just open the control panel, Programs and Features, and then click on "Turn Windows features on or off", and then if you can see that Hyper-v is installed just un-check that and apply, so it gets removed.

All very simple and no need to have screen shots or even worse, videos.

You haven't downloaded the iso yet, that is a torrent file, to download torrents you need to open the torrent file using a torrent client, like "qBittorrent". That then downloads the full iso.
>> how to change bias etc.
Share what laptop, brand, type and some details then we may be able to get you a screenshot / example.
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ASKER

i do not see hyper V option.

now i am trying centos as well. Even that also gives same error.

Main issue is my oracle virtual box do not show 64 bit.

I saw below video which shows how to change BIAS like you said.
I think that is only way i can get 64 bit
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1wc3fjGtPHU
hiperV.png
errCentros2.png
errCentros1.png
errCentros1.png
Try getting the i386 version for centos 6. Centos 7 is only available in 64 bit version.

http://isoredirect.centos.org/centos/6/isos/i386/

Each version of Ubuntu, centos has a liveCD meaning during bootup you specify the cd/dvdrom as the boot device.....
Is it Windows 10 home? I think the Home version doesn't include Hyper-V. Only the Professional and Enterprise editions do. I don't use home editions of Windows so I'm not sure.

If your PC uses an UEFI BIOS, you should be able to enter it by selecting "Settings", in Windows 10, then "Update & Security", "Recovery", and then within "Advanced Startup" click on "Restart now". After that you get to a section where you can select different boot options. Here click on "Troubleshoot". In the next screen select "Advanced Options". Now click on "UEFI Firmware Settings", and then click on "Restart". Your PC will now boot into the UEFI BIOS setup. Now search for a place to change the CPU settings to enable VT mode. That is usually somewhere in an Advanced setting of the BIOS. Enable that setting, then reboot.

Now you will also be able to install 64bit Guests in VBox.

If your BIOS is not UEFI, then you get into the BIOS when you reboot the PC and use a certain key. Many manufacturers use different keys for that, for example ESC, DEL, F1, F2 or F10. So you need to check your PC's manual. Often the key to use is also shown when you boot the PC for a short moment.
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ASKER

If your PC uses an UEFI BIOS, you should be able to enter it by selecting "Settings", in Windows 10, then "Update & Security", "Recovery", and then within "Advanced Startup" click on "Restart now". After that you get to a section where you can select different boot options. Here click on "Troubleshoot". In the next screen select "Advanced Options". Now click on "UEFI Firmware Settings", and then click on "Restart". Your PC will now boot into the UEFI BIOS setup. Now search for a place to change the CPU settings to enable VT mode. That is usually somewhere in an Advanced setting of the BIOS. Enable that setting, then reboot.
now i successfully configured centos on oracle virtual host