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RAID 5 with Three Hard Drives - Rebuild or Not Rebuild? HELP!
I have RAID 5 with Three Hard Drives. This is a Dell PowerEdge 1750 with PERC 4/DI.
One of the drives is failing on an important server. In RAID I see:
Array Disk 0:0 Failed SCSI ProductID Rev0003 Seagate 136.63 GB capacity
Array Disk 0:1 Online SCSI ProductID Rev0003 Seagate 136.63 GB capacity
Array Disk 0:2 Online SCSI ProductID Rev0003 Seagate 136.63 GB capacity
I am not sure why the disk failed, but in Windows Server 2000 I see http://prntscr.com/evbuv6
Questions:
1) Should I rebuild the one failed drive, and then put it online?
2) Or should I buy a new hard drive and hot swap it?
3) What's the worse that can happen?
One of the drives is failing on an important server. In RAID I see:
Array Disk 0:0 Failed SCSI ProductID Rev0003 Seagate 136.63 GB capacity
Array Disk 0:1 Online SCSI ProductID Rev0003 Seagate 136.63 GB capacity
Array Disk 0:2 Online SCSI ProductID Rev0003 Seagate 136.63 GB capacity
I am not sure why the disk failed, but in Windows Server 2000 I see http://prntscr.com/evbuv6
Questions:
1) Should I rebuild the one failed drive, and then put it online?
2) Or should I buy a new hard drive and hot swap it?
3) What's the worse that can happen?
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If your array is configured using the Dell Perc Adapater then you only need to remove the failed drive and fit the new. The PERC will take care of the rest
If the disk already failed, rebuilding it would not be successful anyway. It was still fail again.
Like mbkitmgr say, just replace the physical disk and it should rebuild the array.
Like mbkitmgr say, just replace the physical disk and it should rebuild the array.
mbkitmgr - RE: If your array is configured using the Dell Perc Adapater then you only need to remove the failed drive and fit the new. The PERC will take care of the rest
Doesn't the new drive need to be have NO metadata on it?
Antzs - RE: If the disk already failed, rebuilding it would not be successful anyway. It was still fail again.
The disk failed after I rebooted the server. How can I be sure it's a hardware fail and NOT a software corruption fail?
What's the worse that can happen if I rebuild the failed hard drive? See http://prntscr.com/evbuv6
Doesn't the new drive need to be have NO metadata on it?
Antzs - RE: If the disk already failed, rebuilding it would not be successful anyway. It was still fail again.
The disk failed after I rebooted the server. How can I be sure it's a hardware fail and NOT a software corruption fail?
What's the worse that can happen if I rebuild the failed hard drive? See http://prntscr.com/evbuv6
Hi Benc007
No the array will ignore the file structure on the new drive. When the new drive is inserted the Controller checks the new drive then commences the rebuild based on the contents of the other two. That's how an array works
No the array will ignore the file structure on the new drive. When the new drive is inserted the Controller checks the new drive then commences the rebuild based on the contents of the other two. That's how an array works
Rebuilding the failed drive will not necessarily be unsuccessful. There are more reasons for a drive to go offline than a bad drive. Especially on this server, if the firmware is out of date or if you are using a specific SCSI backplane cable, the drive may not be bad at all.
Best thing to do is replace the failed drive though ... swap it "hot" - do not power down to replace if the drives are hot-swappable. If it doesn't rebuild automatically, then you will need to assign it as a hot-spare to start the rebuild. If the new drive shows as "failed", then you must choose Rebuild. Do NOT force it online under any circumstances (in this situation).
Best thing to do is replace the failed drive though ... swap it "hot" - do not power down to replace if the drives are hot-swappable. If it doesn't rebuild automatically, then you will need to assign it as a hot-spare to start the rebuild. If the new drive shows as "failed", then you must choose Rebuild. Do NOT force it online under any circumstances (in this situation).
I would choose option#2, assuming you can still get drives that old. Probably some on Ebay, but I would test them extensivly before implementation. At very least, run for a day, create a volume, do a surface scan with CHKDSK, then fill it with files to 100%, delete 20% of them and run a defrag. If it survives that, the drive is probably going to be OK.
The worst thing that could happen would be a second drive failure during the rebuild, and a complete loss of all data. This happens sometimes, rebuilding a RAID5 array thrashes the drives for a few hours. If a drive is close to failure, or the PSU is out of spec, or cooling blocked, or cables not terminated correctly, the rebuild itself can be enough to invoke a second failure.
The worst thing that could happen would be a second drive failure during the rebuild, and a complete loss of all data. This happens sometimes, rebuilding a RAID5 array thrashes the drives for a few hours. If a drive is close to failure, or the PSU is out of spec, or cooling blocked, or cables not terminated correctly, the rebuild itself can be enough to invoke a second failure.
PowerEdgeTech - the harddrives are hot-swappable.
RE: Rebuilding the failed drive will not necessarily be unsuccessful. There are more reasons for a drive to go offline than a bad drive. Especially on this server, if the firmware is out of date or if you are using a specific SCSI backplane cable, the drive may not be bad at all.
Do you mean I may be able rebuild the failed drive? How can I see if the drive went offline for another reason that a failed hardware issue BEFORE rebuilding?
Mal Osborne - RE: I would choose option#2, assuming you can still get drives that old. Probably some on Ebay, but I would test them extensivly before implementation. At very least, run for a day, create a volume, do a surface scan with CHKDSK, then fill it with files to 100%, delete 20% of them and run a defrag. If it survives that, the drive is probably going to be OK.
RE: The worst thing that could happen would be a second drive failure during the rebuild, and a complete loss of all data. This happens sometimes, rebuilding a RAID5 array thrashes the drives for a few hours. If a drive is close to failure, or the PSU is out of spec, or cooling blocked, or cables not terminated correctly, the rebuild itself can be enough to invoke a second failure.
How can rebuilding the failed drive cause a second drive to fail? What do you mean the PSU is out of spec?
Fan #1 is down as well. Can this cause this drive to fail?
Which is option 2? Do you mean I should try to rebuild the failed drive, and after rebuliding run a CHKDSK and defrag on the entire array?
RE: Rebuilding the failed drive will not necessarily be unsuccessful. There are more reasons for a drive to go offline than a bad drive. Especially on this server, if the firmware is out of date or if you are using a specific SCSI backplane cable, the drive may not be bad at all.
Do you mean I may be able rebuild the failed drive? How can I see if the drive went offline for another reason that a failed hardware issue BEFORE rebuilding?
Mal Osborne - RE: I would choose option#2, assuming you can still get drives that old. Probably some on Ebay, but I would test them extensivly before implementation. At very least, run for a day, create a volume, do a surface scan with CHKDSK, then fill it with files to 100%, delete 20% of them and run a defrag. If it survives that, the drive is probably going to be OK.
RE: The worst thing that could happen would be a second drive failure during the rebuild, and a complete loss of all data. This happens sometimes, rebuilding a RAID5 array thrashes the drives for a few hours. If a drive is close to failure, or the PSU is out of spec, or cooling blocked, or cables not terminated correctly, the rebuild itself can be enough to invoke a second failure.
How can rebuilding the failed drive cause a second drive to fail? What do you mean the PSU is out of spec?
Fan #1 is down as well. Can this cause this drive to fail?
Which is option 2? Do you mean I should try to rebuild the failed drive, and after rebuliding run a CHKDSK and defrag on the entire array?
"How can rebuilding the failed drive cause a second drive to fail? What do you mean the PSU is out of spec?"
A rebuild requires each drive to read every sector. It means a lot of activity for a while. More activity, means more chance of failure. I have seen several RAID5 arrays fail to rebuild due to a second drive failure.
Sometimes electrolytic capacitors in power supplies leak, and "dry out". This typically causes the power rail to gradually increase in electrical "noise", until devices randomly begin to fail. If it is the 12v rail, then often hard drives will start throwing up errors. This shows as a server with a really high rate of drive failures, with drives working fine in other machines, and the problem vanishing once a power supply is replaced. Typically, this occurs in old servers.
A failed cooling fan may mean drives and power supplies are not properly cooled, invoking failures. Most servers have redundant fans however, so generally a single failure will not be a big issue. A single cooling fan failure combined with a spectacular amount of dust might cause issues, and the server may cook if a second fan fails. I would be replacng the fan ASAP.
My suggestion of running CHKDSK, then filling the drive with files is just as simple "burn in" diagnostic; if the drive has problems, they would probably show themselves then. For second hand or "recertified" drives, this is a reasonable, cautious step.
A rebuild requires each drive to read every sector. It means a lot of activity for a while. More activity, means more chance of failure. I have seen several RAID5 arrays fail to rebuild due to a second drive failure.
Sometimes electrolytic capacitors in power supplies leak, and "dry out". This typically causes the power rail to gradually increase in electrical "noise", until devices randomly begin to fail. If it is the 12v rail, then often hard drives will start throwing up errors. This shows as a server with a really high rate of drive failures, with drives working fine in other machines, and the problem vanishing once a power supply is replaced. Typically, this occurs in old servers.
A failed cooling fan may mean drives and power supplies are not properly cooled, invoking failures. Most servers have redundant fans however, so generally a single failure will not be a big issue. A single cooling fan failure combined with a spectacular amount of dust might cause issues, and the server may cook if a second fan fails. I would be replacng the fan ASAP.
My suggestion of running CHKDSK, then filling the drive with files is just as simple "burn in" diagnostic; if the drive has problems, they would probably show themselves then. For second hand or "recertified" drives, this is a reasonable, cautious step.
Do you mean I may be able rebuild the failed drive? How can I see if the drive went offline for another reason that a failed hardware issue BEFORE rebuilding?You would need to analyze the controller log and run diagnostics on the drive. Yes, it is possible to rebuild a drive that is "failed" or showing offline, but it is best to simply replace the drive (without the research to determine why it failed, as most often the drive is bad).
136 GB SCSI? Time to replace the server. All 3 disks should be pretty old. If you're replacing one now, the 2nd one may be ready to fail soon. Back up your data.
I bought a used drive that was taken from production and is supposed to be "fully tested and reformatted to NTFS for Windows OS".
1) If I hot swap this drive with the failed drive on my Window 2000 Server, while the server is running, will this drive rebuild without affecting the websites hosted on this server in real-time? There are live users on these websites.
2) I have another PowerEdge 1750 that has 3 hard drives also set up in RAID 5. If I remove these 3 drives, and put the SINGLE used replacement drive and power on the server, how can I test this used drive?
After testing this used drive, when I put the 3 hard drives back in, will everything run the same as before ... or will I have to make some re-configurations?
1) If I hot swap this drive with the failed drive on my Window 2000 Server, while the server is running, will this drive rebuild without affecting the websites hosted on this server in real-time? There are live users on these websites.
2) I have another PowerEdge 1750 that has 3 hard drives also set up in RAID 5. If I remove these 3 drives, and put the SINGLE used replacement drive and power on the server, how can I test this used drive?
After testing this used drive, when I put the 3 hard drives back in, will everything run the same as before ... or will I have to make some re-configurations?
Answers to your Questions
1 - Yes you have hardware raid that allow you to Hot swap drives. That means that you can eject the failed drive, insert the new one in its place without having to power down the server. The system is designed to allow this so that you don't have downtime.
2. If you make changes to the hardware config on the 2nd server, you run the risk of affecting the raid config on that server. Alternatively you could
a) power down the 2nd server if its not production
b) look for a spare SAS port on the main board and connect the drive to it. or fit it to a spare bay on the array
c) power up the server and check what the drive reports to the HW diagnostics.
If this is that out of your depth, perhaps its time to get someone in who knows how to address the issue. I dont mean to offend, but as an IT professional if its not my expertise I don't play with it
1 - Yes you have hardware raid that allow you to Hot swap drives. That means that you can eject the failed drive, insert the new one in its place without having to power down the server. The system is designed to allow this so that you don't have downtime.
2. If you make changes to the hardware config on the 2nd server, you run the risk of affecting the raid config on that server. Alternatively you could
a) power down the 2nd server if its not production
b) look for a spare SAS port on the main board and connect the drive to it. or fit it to a spare bay on the array
c) power up the server and check what the drive reports to the HW diagnostics.
If this is that out of your depth, perhaps its time to get someone in who knows how to address the issue. I dont mean to offend, but as an IT professional if its not my expertise I don't play with it
Never introduce a hot-swap drive by powering down the server. If it is hot-swap, swap it hot. THEN you can test it.
RE: 1 - Yes you have hardware raid that allow you to Hot swap drives. That means that you can eject the failed drive, insert the new one in its place without having to power down the server. The system is designed to allow this so that you don't have downtime.
-> Yes this is true if the "used" replacement drive was really "fully tested and reformatted to NTFS for Windows OS". If not, then DELL PERC will not rebuild automatically onto a foreign disk, right?
RE: 2. If you make changes to the hardware config on the 2nd server, you run the risk of affecting the raid config on that server. Alternatively you could
a) power down the 2nd server if its not production
b) look for a spare SAS port on the main board and connect the drive to it. or fit it to a spare bay on the array
c) power up the server and check what the drive reports to the HW diagnostics.
-> This are SCSI drives and the PowerEdge 1750 doesn't have any SAS ports.
-> Yes this is true if the "used" replacement drive was really "fully tested and reformatted to NTFS for Windows OS". If not, then DELL PERC will not rebuild automatically onto a foreign disk, right?
RE: 2. If you make changes to the hardware config on the 2nd server, you run the risk of affecting the raid config on that server. Alternatively you could
a) power down the 2nd server if its not production
b) look for a spare SAS port on the main board and connect the drive to it. or fit it to a spare bay on the array
c) power up the server and check what the drive reports to the HW diagnostics.
-> This are SCSI drives and the PowerEdge 1750 doesn't have any SAS ports.
Yes this is true if the "used" replacement drive was really "fully tested and reformatted to NTFS for Windows OS". If not, then DELL PERC will not rebuild automatically onto a foreign disk, right?No, existing formatting doesn't matter at all. The PERC will ignore any data or formatting on the disk and format it for use in the array. The PERC will "probably" start rebuilding the disk automatically. There are several reasons why it might not rebuild automatically, but if it doesn't, you simply assign it as a hot-spare and the rebuild will start.
RE: The PERC will "probably" start rebuilding the disk automatically. There are several reasons why it might not rebuild automatically, but if it doesn't, you simply assign it as a hot-spare and the rebuild will start.
-> To assign it as a hot-spare, do I go into the RAID setup when the server boots up and do this manually? If I do this, and then continue booting up Windows, will the OS and websites run while the replaced drive rebuilds in the background?
Do you know how long it takes to rebuild 100+ GB (current usage) out of 147GB?
-> To assign it as a hot-spare, do I go into the RAID setup when the server boots up and do this manually? If I do this, and then continue booting up Windows, will the OS and websites run while the replaced drive rebuilds in the background?
Do you know how long it takes to rebuild 100+ GB (current usage) out of 147GB?
No, this can be done "live" from the OS using OpenManage - Storage, Virtual Disks, Assign Hot-Spare from dropdown menu of Available Tasks for the RAID array.
Amount of used space is not relevant, and time to rebuild can vary based on a lot of things - maybe an hour or two, maybe less, maybe more.
The rebuild will happen in the background while the system is live, regardless of whether you start the rebuild from the BIOS or from the OS, but starting it from the OS is how it should be done.
Amount of used space is not relevant, and time to rebuild can vary based on a lot of things - maybe an hour or two, maybe less, maybe more.
The rebuild will happen in the background while the system is live, regardless of whether you start the rebuild from the BIOS or from the OS, but starting it from the OS is how it should be done.
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>I'm bowing out, we've covered the pertinent points number of times.
We covered the same points a week before in https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/29012346/RAID-5-with-Three-Hard-Drives.html
Unfortunately the server is far too old for them to still have the box it came in.
We covered the same points a week before in https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/29012346/RAID-5-with-Three-Hard-Drives.html
Unfortunately the server is far too old for them to still have the box it came in.
Previous question is about what happens to RAID 5 set up with 3 drives and using a different drive from another server.
This question is about rebuilding or not rebuilding drives in RAID 5 with the current hard drives.
This question is about rebuilding or not rebuilding drives in RAID 5 with the current hard drives.
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