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Can someone explain to me virtual processors vs logical processors and cores?

This is the scenario:

I got a HyperV host with: 12 cores and 24 logical processors.

Now I got a few virtual servers running and the total of virtual processors I have assigned is: 18.

Now my question is, am I using the full capacity of my cpu, I think not, how many virtual processors should/can I use?

kind regards,
Ramon.
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Avatar of Andrew Hancock (VMware vExpert PRO / EE Fellow/British Beekeeper)
Andrew Hancock (VMware vExpert PRO / EE Fellow/British Beekeeper)
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@Andrew 80GB
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ok thank you all for great explanations and taking time to give me advice! I notice now that I should provide more info about my setup and my problem.

This is my current set up as for virtual servers on this host:
server 1: 6 virtual processors, 16GB Memory - Function: MSSQL
server 2: 4 virtual processors, 8GB Memory - Function: IIS
server 3: 2 virtual processors, 10GB Memory - Function: FileServer
server 4: 2 virtual processors, 6GB Memory - Function: Not in use now.
server 5: 2 virtual processors, 4GB Memory - Function: Backup Veaam.

total host memory: 80GB
total host cores: 12
total host logical processors: 24

now the webbased program we provide is slow sometimes, this program uses server 1, 2 and 3 to work.  I was thinking, to exclude server performance from being the problem I could assign more resources like memory and vprocessors to the guests, which I think is otherwise not being used.

what do you guys think I could change to improve performance of server 1, 2 and 3?
You need to start digging under the covers and look at performance charts, have you done this ?

where is the bottleneck ? and why only slow sometimes ? time of day, concurrent users, being backed up ?

and also how is the storage currently configured ?

e.g. what are you using RAID 1, RAID 6, SATA, SAS, 10k, 15k, 7k rpm disks ?
I'm still running performance logs, 15K SAS RAID 5.
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thanks all for great advice! I'll see what I can do about the RAID.
do you require any additional help from Experts, to select a solution to the question you asked, and close this question correctly?
Isn't better to create reservation of CPU for larger VM instead of adding lot of cores. so the CPU does not cycle through other VM when it is overcommitted?
If you start creating reservations (something that, as far as I know, is not possible, at least under Hyper-V), you start removing some of the benefits of virtualization - which is to increase overall hardware utilization that often remains idle and wasteful.