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The question is rather wide (to say it the least)<br />
in terms of troubleshooting.<br />
1. it's always good to have a rather good understanding of Lync/Skype architecture og setup. Recommend some of the books or installing and maintaining S4B for some time<br />
2. the lync workloads poster is great for an overview; <a href="https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=39968" rel="ugc">https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=39968</a>&nbsp;<br />
3. for troubleshooting, there's a lot of articles - but more or less articles focusing on specific problems.
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The question is rather wide (to say it the least)
in terms of troubleshooting.
1. it's always good to have a rather good understanding of Lync/Skype architecture og setup. Recommend some of the books or installing and maintaining S4B for some time
2. the lync workloads poster is great for an overview; https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=39968 [https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=39968] 
3. for troubleshooting, there's a lot of articles - but more or less articles focusing on specific problems.

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Skype for business is formerly lync 2013 , I suppose any common issues regarding video or users issue one might face?
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Skype for business is formerly lync 2013 , I suppose any common issues regarding video or users issue one might face?

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<div class="content wysiwyg-content">
I need to know about functioning of lync2013 architecture, what are the components involved and their functioning.<br />
<br />
Any documents on how to troubleshoot lync issues in general<br />
<br />
Is there any good article which can help me understand and have a better clarity<br />
<br />
for ex. how lync for business when we chat or in conference call how it is linked with outlook
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I need to know about functioning of lync2013 architecture, what are the components involved and their functioning.

Any documents on how to troubleshoot lync issues in general

Is there any good article which can help me understand and have a better clarity

for ex. how lync for business when we chat or in conference call how it is linked with outlook

lync 2013

Instant messaging (IM) is a type of online chat that offers real-time text transmission over the Internet. A LAN messenger operates in a similar way over a local area network. More advanced instant messaging can add file transfer, clickable hyperlinks, Voice over IP, or video chat. Non-IM types of chat include multicast transmission, usually referred to as "chat rooms". Depending on the IM protocol, the technical architecture can be peer-to-peer (direct point-to-point transmission) or client-server (a central server retransmits messages from the sender to the communication device).

Chat / IM

Microsoft Lync Server (renamed Skype for Business Server in 2015) is a real-time communications server software that provides infrastructure for enterprise instant messaging, presence, VoIP, ad hoc and structured conferences (audio, video, and web), and PSTN connectivity through a third-party gateway or SIP trunk. These features are available within and between organizations, and with external users on the public internet or standard phones (on bpth PSTN and SIP trunking).

Microsoft Lync Server

Exchange is the server side of a collaborative application product that is part of the Microsoft Server infrastructure. Exchange's major features include email, calendaring, contacts and tasks, support for mobile and web-based access to information, and support for data storage.

Exchange

Components are those devices that are internal to a computer -- the PC boards, the central processor (CPU), the memory (RAM), disk and video controllers and so on.