USB 3.0 type A to USB type C

I think you need a HDMI to USB Type-C Adapter. to connect the HDMI cable to your PC (HDMI port) and this adapter (HDMI port female, ) then connect the adapter (USB Type-C male) to your monitor.

https://www.amazon.com/Cable-Matters-Supporting-Thunderbolt-Compatible/dp/B00X4S5C7G

If I'm not mistaken, your solution allows for me to send display data from my desktop over an HDMI cable to the USB-C port of my monitor.
That should work for the display part (which already works).
But I would also require the USB input data to be send back to the desktop.
AFAIK the HDMI standard doesnt allow for the USB device input data to be send back to my desktop, and even it if did, I don't think my pc will know what to do with that because the HDMI is connected to my graphics card, not my motherboard.

You did got me thinking, I could perhaps get an adaptor that splits from USB-C to 1) HDMI/DP and 2) USB type A, so that I can draw an HDMI cable, and a USB type A cable seperately to my dekstop. Like this https://www.amazon.com/Aluminum-Adapter-MacBook-Chromebook-Devices/dp/B00D5P0J5I/ref=sr_1_1?s=electronics&ie=UTF8&qid=1512488507&sr=1-1&keywords=usb-c+adapter

But ideally, I would like to know if that works before ordering something online.

Please post your Monitor model.

I could perhaps get an adaptor that splits from USB-C to 1) HDMI/DP and 2) USB type A, so that I can draw an HDMI cable, and a USB type A cable seperately to my dekstop.

That Hub is designed to connect it's USB-C to PC with USB-C port not a Monitor.

Would a USB type A -> USB type C cable work?

No,  USB Type-C has a lot of channels to carry Video, USB data, Power and can not transfer all of them to a USB  Type-A.

Or should I buy something like this:

https://www.amazon.de/dodocool-Express-Type-C-ConnectorSuperSpeed-Windows/dp/B01C59TB0I/?tag=androcentr0a-21&ascsubtag=UUwpUdUnU49956YYw ?

I think that card can do what you want.

Agree with Ramin that PCI-E Express Card is your best bet and would be a neater solution.

What is the speed of the USB ports on the monitor?

I'm actually starting to think might not be possible afterall

Problem: I want my graphics card (geforce gtx 1060) to be the source of the video signal.
I suspect that my monitor will not be able to receive HDMI via its normal HDMI input, and simultaneously use USB type C upstream port to use the usb devices. If it does, I could just use a male USB type A to male USB type A, and connect it via a female USB type A -> male USB type c adapter to my monitor's port.

If it doesn't, I will have to have both signals to originate from my graphics card.
The only way that would be possible, is for the DP 1.4 standard to support both video as well as USB data.
I cannot find any proof it does this.


Monitor in question is: (doesnt say anything about the speeds)
https://www.benq.com/en/monitor/video-enjoyment/ex3501r/specifications.html

The first solution is not always the best solution.

I checked the card carefully.  with that card you can have USB Type-C only for transferring data or charging devices,   not for connecting it to transfer video signals to an external monitor. https://www.dodocool.com/p-DC22.html

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Best solution:

What you have on the Monitor :

USB 3.0 Hub Upstream x 1            
Connect one side of a two male USB cable to this port and connect the other side  to a USB 3.0 (Blue) on your PC.


USB 3.0 Hub  Downstream x 2
Connect your Keyboard and Mouse to these two ports.

Connect your PC to Monitor via HDMI cable.

Agreed.

I do not think your current setting will work.

You need a new GPU or a new eGPU.

New GPU
https://www.tweaktown.com/news/57725/msi-first-graphics-card-usb-type-port/index.html

New eGPU
https://www.howtogeek.com/295442/the-best-ways-to-connect-an-external-graphics-card-to-your-laptop/