Unable to start OS on surface laptop

When I have seen this message (only a few times of all the machines we service) it was necessary to back up and reinstall Windows. Since the OS will not start, a Repair Install will not work.

If you have another machine, you can download the surface-specific OS image from the Microsoft website that makes a properly bootable USB drive and you can install the OS cleanly. Don't use generic media or other utilities to make a bootable USB. Many fail due to UEFI vs BIOS or have fiddly settings. The surface support page and media is meant for that device and is solid.

@john Thanks for your reply:
I really want to reinstall windows but im not able to boot from anything that will allow to me to make a backup image or even completely copy the files

@Cliff Thanks for you reply:
How attempted that as well. The surface just loops even when setting boot configuration to boot only to USB

Is it possible to start with a Knoppix (Linux) or like USB to see the SSD Drive?

Same as John.  Sounds like a reformat/reinstall is in order.  The fun of Windows 10!  Since Win10 this type of issue seem to have become a much more common occurrence.

What I was able to do with the command prompt was extract all data to a USB drive, then reformat and reinstall everything.  Obviously, once you are back up and running, thoroughly test the hard drive just in case, but in the cases I've dealt with the HD has always been alright, so I'm assuming it truly is a Win10/updating issue of some sorts.

Once you are back up and running, you may wish to considering imaging your drive, so the next time this happens, you can recover much more easily.

Good luck.

It sounds like you have potentially tried all actions to repair/recover/restore the OS.
https://support.microsoft.com/en-us/help/4036297/surface-windows-doesnt-start-on-surface

That being said potentially there may be some hardware issues causing the OS to not function properly.

Depending on the specifics of your particular model, most likely most of the parts are not serviceable by the end user.

Some or most of the components are built in on the motherboard.  Perhaps the drive may be serviceable depending on the model you have.  Otherwise I hear it is a real big pain to replace anything (tear down.)

To start from a bootable stick on a surface, you need to hold the volume down button down and then press the power button and release both. Try that. Any setup stick will allow data backup from the command line. Easiest way would be to use a portable file explorer for that, that can be placed on the setup stick. If setup is starting up and you see the language selections screen, you press shift and F10 to get a command line from which you start your file manager. A parallel installation to the same drive is possible as well.