OneDrive for Windows 7 error

The short answer, windows 7 is no longer supported by MS. Likely the version of the onedrive that you have installed, uses/points to the wrong thing, or the interchange was deprecated.
In short, you've been cutoff. only option is to use the browser, firefox, chrome to access the portal and handle the transactions that way. Sync is likely what you are more interested.

check the version of onedrive that is installed on the one the works, versus the ones that do not.
File version.or whether it is onedrive or onedrive for business. which do you have where.

https://www.theregister.com/2021/04/15/onedrive_windows_7/#:~:text=Multiple%20customers%20have%20told%20The%20Register%20that%20OneDrive,to%20make%20the%20move%20to%20something%20more%20modern.

https://www.techradar.com/news/microsoft-onedrive-is-still-operating-but-only-in-windows-7

Hi,
Are you able to access it on Chrome or other internet browser? Is your internet connection fine?

if possible - upgrade to windows 10 to avoid such problems
https://www.tenforums.com/tutorials/139745-upgrade-windows-10-windows-7-free.html      

Just answered this for someone else a few days ago.

https://www.experts-exchange.com/questions/29215686/OneDrive-will-not-connect-with-any-Windows-7-machines.html#a43287480 

I'm in the process of moving these computers to new machines and wanted to upload all the docs to the onedrive ahead of time.  I compared the version that works vs the one that doesn't but the one that works uses a home account so that may be the big difference.  I'm curious about the article that arnold sent as it seems to indicate that there will be support till 2023.  I can't seem to reconcile that.  I may have to contact 365 support.

Cftye support deals with Onedrive for business.
I.e. If you have office365 and the Onedrive that cones with.

Please clarify home account, meaning live.com and their related version versus which accounts are they using when it does not work.

Issue might relate to tls version.
If you can setup a proxy to determine where it tries to go ....

I don't know how to do that proxy thing, but I use a 365 version for home.  Its not live.com.

leys try this, using internet explorer go to HTTPS://ssllabs.com

Test the browser on the system that works as a reference.

Then confirm the same on the system that foes not.

Deals with whether the Internet options, advanced tab, sevurity section has TLS 1.0,1.1,1.2 checked.

Which Internet version is on the ones that do not work.
Windows 7 last Internet version is 11