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PHP is a widely-used server-side scripting language especially suited for web development, powering tens of millions of sites from Facebook to personal WordPress blogs. PHP is often paired with the MySQL relational database, but includes support for most other mainstream databases. By utilizing different Server APIs, PHP can work on many different web servers as a server-side scripting language.
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XAMPP is reasonably OK for quick and easy development, but you are somewhat limited to the versions of the components you get. Because it's a one-click install, you may not get to choose the exact version of Apache / MySQL [MariaDB] / PHP etc. I know with WAMPServer (similar package) you do get a bit of flexibility in that you can switch between different versions of the components, but you're still limited to whatever versions are available for WAMP.
Depending on your needs and how complex your app is, it's very possible that XAMPP/WAMP will be more than suitable - it's certainly the quickest and easiest way to get your Dev stack up and running.
However, if you really need to mirror your production server (exact same versions etc), then custom building your stack would be the way to go - this gives you most flexibility, but is also more complex to set up. If you choose this route, then you'll probably want to look at Docker. It allows you to compartmentalise your indivual services (PHP / WebServer / DB etc)