You can work with vscode online in a web browser:  https://vscode.dev/ 

Must say I haven't tried it myself. 

In vscode.dev I am unable to debug my .html file

on vscode.dev when i try to run .html file it says All debug extentions are disabled. Enable a debug extantion or install a new one from the marketplace

Unable to debug

github codespaces is an alternative but it is not free. 120 core hours and 15 GB storage per month for GitHub Free

Is there any other way I can use vscode to run javascript

>> In vscode.dev I am unable to debug my .html file
You mentioned you wanted to run javascript?

Anyway, debugging isn't supported on the web as it stated here:

VS Code for the Web provides a browser-based experience for navigating files and repositories and committing lightweight code changes. However, if you need access to a runtime to run, build, or debug your code, you want to use platform features such as a terminal, or you want to run extensions that aren't supported in the web, we recommend moving your work to the desktop application, GitHub Codespaces, or using Remote - Tunnels for the full capabilities of VS Code. In addition, VS Code Desktop lets you use a full set of keyboard shortcuts not limited by your browser.

You'll be able to run Windows 10 on your Vaio.

Q1: Can I install Windows 10 or 11 on my Sony VAIO SVT13126CNS?
Yes, you can install Windows 10 on your laptop. Your specs (i5-3317U, 8GB RAM) are sufficient. Windows 11 is not officially supported due to the lack of TPM 2.0 and CPU compatibility, though workarounds exist—they’re not recommended for regular use due to potential stability and update issues.

Q2: Can I use Microsoft VSCode for free over the internet for training?
Yes. You can use Visual Studio Code for the Web in your browser with no installation required, or you can install VSCode locally for free on Windows. No need to compile your own kernel just to open a text file.

I am using WebStrom IDE. It works like a charm includes debugging and syntax highlighting for html, css, javascript, node.js, angular.js. It is a out of the box javascript frontend powerhouse and it can be free to use for learners.

I have installed older version of VSCode (VSCode 1.79.2) and it works on Windows 8/8.1.

No need to install Windows 10 or WIndows 11

Windows11 has the following installation requirements:

Processor: 1 gigahertz (GHz) or faster with support for PAE, NX, and SSE2.
RAM: 1 gigabyte (GB) for 32-bit or 2 GB for 64-bit.
Hard disk space: 16 GB for 32-bit or 20 GB for 64-bit.

And my Laptop seems to have all the 3

Processor: Intel Core i5-3317U CPU@1.70 GHz

Memory: 8GB(64 Bit)

Hard Disk Space: 100GB

So why can't I install Windows11 on my laptop

Because your Intel CPU is 3rd Gen and the requirement is 8th Gen or better.

Besides that, your PC also needs a TPM 2.0 module. A System that old is very unlikely to have TPM 2.0.

Here is a list of currently compatible Intel CPU's:

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/design/minimum/supported/windows-11-24h2-supported-intel-processors

And here the AMD compatible models:

https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/design/minimum/supported/windows-11-24h2-supported-amd-processors

I finally had to install Windows10 and install most recent version of VSCode version 1.103.0 and now Github Copilot Chat and Github InLine chat features are working fine. These features require new version of VSCode to work correctly.